Government-Environmental Protection: Difference between revisions

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 [https://www.sierraclub.org/angeles/blog/2020/07/addressing-racism-sierra-club-past-and-present by SIERRA CLUB 22/7/20]
   In acknowledgment of the recent blog (en español) penned by Sierra Club Executive Director, Michael Brune, and subsequent stories from the Washington Post and Los Angeles Times on racism in the history of the Sierra Club and other environmental organizations, the Angeles Chapter reaffirms its commitment to examine and learn from our past and our substantial role in perpetuating white supremacy.
+=====Oral Histories=====
+[https://www.sierraclub.org/library/oral-histories by SIERRA CLUB]
+ Oral history is a method of gathering, preserving and interpreting the voices and memories of people, communities, and participants in past events. These first-person accounts are by some of the many outstanding people associated with the Sierra Club.
+=====The History of Earth Day=====
+[https://www.treehugger.com/earth-day-1140756 by Jenn Savedge 20/4/23 Treehugger]
+ Every year, people all around the world come together to celebrate Earth Day. This annual event is marked by lots of different activities, from parades to festivals to film festivals to running races. Earth Day events typically have one theme in common: the desire to show support for environmental issues and teach future generations about the need to protect our planet.
+=====How Earth Day gave birth to environmental movement=====
+[https://www.ehn.org/earth-day-50-years-anniversary by Christina Pazzanese 22/4/20 EHN]
+ Denis Hayes was a 25-year-old student at Harvard Kennedy School in 1969 but dropped out after a semester to become a principal organizer of a grass-roots nonprofit that planned a nationwide rally on April 22, 1970, an event they would call Earth Day.
+=====50 Years Ago - Earth Day 1970 at the Angeles Chapter=====
+[https://www.sierraclub.org/angeles/blog/2020/03/50-years-ago-earth-day-1970-angeles-chapter by SIERRA CLUB 26/3/20]
+ The first Earth Day was celebrated in Washington D.C.,  50 years ago, on April 22, 1970. But by then the Angeles Chapter had already been working to preserve the Earth and its wild places for decades.
+=====Let's Return Earth Day to Its Revolutionary Past=====
+[https://www.sierraclub.org/sierra/2020-2-march-april/feature/lets-return-earth-day-its-revolutionary-past-jamie-margolin by Jamie Margolin 2/3/20 Sierra]
+ It was as if one day a year everyone said, "Let's do the absolute bare minimum for the planet" and then went on with business as usual, feeling good about themselves, when I knew that what needed to happen to save my future was revolutionary, systematic change.
+=====Greenpeace talks with Denis Hayes: 50 years of Earth Day, and where we go from here=====
+[https://www.greenpeace.org/usa/denis-hayes-50-years-of-earth-day-and-where-we-go-from-here/ by Katherine Myer 22/4/20 GREENPEACE]
+ Denis Hayes organized the first Earth Day in 1970 and is board chair of the international Earth Day Network. Last week, he and Greenpeace USA Digital Content Strategist, Katie Myer, discussed the origins of Earth Day, how the landscape has changed since then, and why the environmental movement is fundamentally one of social and economic justice. This is an edited version of that conversation.
+=====Love it or hate it, Earth Day’s just not what it used to be. What happened?=====
+[https://grist.org/article/love-it-or-hate-it-earth-days-just-not-what-it-used-to-be-what-happened/ by Kate Yoder 22/4/19 Grist]
+ In the beginning, it was a policy-shaking event that awakened a new generation of activists. But now even environmentalists have misgivings about it. Sure, they can get behind planting trees and clearing trash out of rivers, but they have issues with Earth Day itself.
+=====Earth Day Used to Be Rad. What Happened?=====
+[https://www.sierraclub.org/sierra/earth-day-used-be-rad-what-happened by Jason Mark 21/4/17 Sierra]
+ It’s no exaggeration to say that the first Earth Day was unlike anything else in U.S. history. The day was sui generis: Originally concocted by U.S. Senate backbencher Gaylord Nelson of Wisconsin, it was picked up by a handful of young organizers worried about pollution. Then, unexpectedly, tens of millions joined in. On April 22, 1970, an estimated 20 million people participated in Earth Day activities. The U.S. population at the time was just over 200 million. Do the math: Around one in 10 Americans took part, making the inaugural Earth Day very likely the biggest single day of political activism in the history of the republic.
+=====Q&A: Denis Hayes, Planner of the First Earth Day, Discusses the ‘Virtual’ 50th=====
+[https://insideclimatenews.org/news/17042020/earth-day-50-anniversary-coronavirus-denis-hayes/ by Evelyn Nieves 17/4/20 Inside Climate News]
+ Hayes hightailed it to Washington, D.C., hoping to convince Nelson to let him organize a teach-in at Harvard, and maybe other colleges in and around Boston. Two days later, Hayes dropped out of the John F. Kennedy School of Government to coordinate a national event, “Earth Day.”
+=====Earth Day: Meet the original eco warriors protecting the planet=====
+[https://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-51806291 by Elaine Jung 21/4/20 BBC]
+ They are often the most vulnerable to climate change, but have developed systems built on thousands of years of land management, sustainability, and climate adaption.
+Dr Koko Warner from the United Nations climate change secretariat says their participation in fighting global warming is vital.
+=====The secret history of Earth Day=====
+[https://grist.org/article/2009-04-22-secret-history-of-earth-day/ by Jonathan Hiskes & Russ Walker 22/4/09 Grist]
+ If 40 years of Earth Days have taught us anything, um … While the Earth Day movement has had undeniable successes, critics charge that, uh … Whatever, screw it. Here’s the “real” story (with jokes!):
+=====10 Earth Day Facts You Didn't Know=====
+[https://www.treehugger.com/must-know-facts-about-earth-day-4021763 by Jenn Savedge 19/4/19 Treehugger]
+ In 1970, U.S. Senator Gaylord Nelson was looking for a way to promote the environmental movement. He proposed the idea of "Earth Day." His plan included classes and projects that would help the public understand what they could do to protect the environment.
+=====Earth Day=====
+[https://www.greenpeace.org/usa/tag/earth-day/ by GREENPEACE]
+ Denis Hayes organized the first Earth Day in 1970 and is board chair of the international Earth Day Network. Last week, he and Greenpeace USA Digital Content Strategist, Katie Myer,…
+=====Earth Day and Our Sanctuaries=====
+[https://www.sierraclub.org/sites/default/files/sce/santa-lucia-chapter/lucians/8_EarthDaySanctuaries.pdf by SIERRA CLUB]
+  On January 28, 1969, a blowout on an oil drilling platform six miles off the coast of Santa
+Barbara, California, spilled an estimated 3 million gallons of crude oil into the ocean. The
+massive spill shut down commercial fishing, fouled beaches, and killed a great number of
+dolphins, sea lions, seals, and more than 3,600 seabirds
+=====A cynic's field guide to Earth Day. Weekend Reader for Sunday, April 22.=====
+[https://www.ehn.org/a-cynics-guide-to-earth-day by Peter Dykstra 21/4/18 EHN]
+ This is true even on Earth Day, when 15 teams are scheduled to host games, most with some token commemoration of the day. So stand up, baseball fans, kick those cups and shells out of the way, and give Mother Earth the same level of respect we gave to the meteorologically bankrupt ground hog a couple of months ago. It's only fair.
+=====El Día de la Tierra / Earth Day=====
+[https://www.sierraclub.org/ecocentro/blog/2021/04/el-d-de-la-tierra-earth-day by Fabián Capecchi 5/4/21 SIERRA CLUB]
+ Hace 51 años nadie, o muy pocas personas estaban conscientes del profundo daño que le estábamos causando al medio ambiente y mucho menos al planeta. Las chimeneas botando humo tóxico, las fábricas trabajando a todo vapor, los autos, neveras y aerosoles se sumaban al coro de agentes contaminantes, descargando toneladas de desechos químicos en los mismos ríos donde se tomaba el agua para beber.
+=====Labor and environmentalists have been teaming up since the first Earth Day=====
+[https://grist.org/article/2010-04-21-labor-and-environmentalists-have-been-teaming-up-since-the-first/  by Joe Uehlein 22/4/10 Grist]
+ A billion people participate in Earth Day events, making it the largest secular civic event in the world. But when it was founded in 1970, according to Earth Day’s first national coordinator Denis Hayes, “Without the UAW, the first Earth Day would have likely flopped!”
+=====Why Earth Day doesn’t matter anymore=====
+[https://grist.org/article/why-earth-day-doesnt-matter-anymore/ by Katie Herzog 22/4/15 Grist]
+ For most Americans, Earth Day is probably something you vaguely remember from elementary school. You may have sat through a lesson on reducing, reusing, and recycling, or made a poster with a frowny-faced Earth in art class. If your school was really ambitious, you might have had a bake sale and donated the proceeds to Save the Whales or Save the Rainforests. (My school was not particularly ambitious, so we’d usually watch Free Willy and call it a day.)
+=====Walking in Rachel Carson's Footsteps=====
+[https://www.nature.org/en-us/about-us/where-we-work/united-states/maine/stories-in-maine/the-nature-conservancy-in-maine-rachel-carson-walking-in-her-footsteps/ by The Nature Conservancy 30/6/23]
+ Rachel Louise Carson (May 27, 1907 – April 14, 1964) was an American marine biologist and nature writer whose work is credited with advancing the global environmental movement.
+=====Gifts for the Future=====
+[https://www.nature.org/en-us/membership-and-giving/donate-to-our-mission/gift-and-estate-planning/meet-our-donors/rachel-carson/ by The Nature Conservancy]
+ High tide daily replenishes the salt pond on Maine’s Boothbay Harbor where Rachel Carson spent many summer days gathering material for her classic 1955 book, The Edge of the Sea.
+=====The Legacy of Rachel Carson=====
+[https://www.sierraclub.org/angeles/blog/2024/05/legacy-rachel-carson by SIERRA CLUB 30/5/24]
+ Rachel Carson was an American marine biologist, author, and conservationist. She is best known for her pioneering work in environmental science and her influential book "Silent Spring," published in 1962. Her book sold more than two million copies in just two years, inspiring one of the most powerful conservation movements in our history. She shined a glaring light on the need for conservation in a time when environmental consequences were largely misunderstood - or worse - ignored. She argued that humanity is not separate from the natural world, and should be an active participant in protecting it.
+=====For an Antidote to Climate Despair, Look to the Impact of Rachel Carson’s "Silent Spring"=====
+[https://www.sierraclub.org/sierra/antidote-climate-despair-look-impact-rachel-carson-s-silent-spring by Ben Jealous 18/5/24 Sierra]
+ Did you hear the birds singing outside this morning? A lot of us take that common sound of nature for granted. Most people these days do not realize how close we came to living in a much quieter world, to the widespread destruction of entire ecosystems and some of our most iconic species.
+=====In ‘Silent Spring,’ Rachel Carson Described a Fictional, Bucolic Hamlet, Much Like Her Hometown. Now, There’s a Plastics Plant Under Construction 30 Miles Away=====
+[https://insideclimatenews.org/news/10052022/rachel-carson-pennsylvania-plastics-plant/ by Kiley Bense 10/5/22 Inside Climate News]
+ SPRINGDALE, Pa.—If you stand in the sloping yard of the Rachel Carson Homestead and look southwest, down toward the Allegheny River, you can see the towers of the Cheswick Generating Station. Through the bare trees and thick green bramble that surround the house, the smokestacks emerge in the distance, twin pillars striped against a steel-silver sky.
+=====Rachel's War=====
+[https://www.sierraclub.org/sierra/2016-2-march-april/green-life/rachels-war by David Gessner 15/3/16 Sierra]
+ In the spring of 1962, the New Yorker published Rachel Carson’s anti-pesticide manifesto, Silent Spring, in three installments. Carson’s message quickly transcended the magazine’s readership, eliciting a national response that would eventually lead to a federal ban on DDT for agricultural use and the creation of the EPA. In honor of Carson’s legacy and Women’s History Month, cartoonist David Gessner illustrates the pioneering writer’s final years as she fought for the environment and for her life. (Based on Linda Lear’s biography, Rachel Carson: Witness for Nature.)
+=====Spring Awakening=====
+[https://www.sierraclub.org/sierra/green-life/spring-awakening by Katie O'Reilly 24/1/17 Sierra]
+ When Rachel Carson published her eloquent warning about the long-term dangers of pesticides in 1962, Silent Spring sparked an extraordinary national debate. The slim, chilling book—a true story on how DDT, then a common synthetic insecticide, harms wildlife, agriculture, domestic pets, and humans—made Carson the target of ruthless attacks from the chemical industry. Silent Spring also inspired President John F. Kennedy to launch an investigation into the public health consequences of pesticides, resulting in the first-ever laws designed to protect and preserve the environment.
+=====Environmental Women=====
+[https://www.sierraclub.org/sierra/environmental-women-reading-list-syllabus-rachael-carson by Carly Nairn 27/5/18 Sierra]
+ Today is the birthday of Rachel Carson, a marine biologist and ecologist who became one of the most well-known environmentalists in U.S. history. Her book Silent Spring earned her a well-deserved place on the reading list for many an environmental studies course. But she's not the only woman who deserves to be there. In honor of Carson's birthday, here’s a list of essential reading about her and several other trailblazing environmental thinkers who also happen to be women.
+=====How The Supreme Court Made 'Climate History' In Massachusetts V. EPA=====
+[https://www.wbur.org/hereandnow/2020/03/09/rule-of-five-climate-lawsuit-epa-book by Jeremy and HobsonSamantha Raphelson 9/3/20 wbur]
+ It all began in 1999 when a man named Joe Mendelson, an environmental lawyer who worked for a small public interest group, delivered a petition to the EPA urging them to regulate carbon dioxide as an air pollutant under the Clean Air Act, says Richard Lazarus, author of a new book about the case called, "The Rule of Five: Making Climate History at the Supreme Court."
+=====Volkswagen: The scandal explained=====
+[https://www.bbc.com/news/business-34324772 by Russell Hotten 10/12/15 BBC]
+ It's been dubbed the "diesel dupe". In September, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) found, external that many VW cars being sold in America had a "defeat device" - or software - in diesel engines that could detect when they were being tested, changing the performance accordingly to improve results. The German car giant has since admitted cheating emissions tests in the US.
+=====Cokie Roberts On The History Of The EPA=====
+[https://www.npr.org/2018/05/03/607996780/cokie-roberts-on-the-history-of-the-epa by npr 3/5/18]
+ California and 17 other states are suing the Environmental Protection Agency. They want to stop a controversial plan to weaken federal auto emissions standards. Of course, controversy is just part of EPA's history. The agency was founded in 1970 by President Richard Nixon.
+=====How America solved its first air pollution crisis — and why solving the next one will be harder=====
+[https://www.vox.com/future-perfect/23757949/air-pollution-history-progress-clean-air-act-environmental-protection-agency-wildfires-smoke-smog by Rachel DuRose 22/6/23 Vox]
+ The history of American air pollution, explained.
+=====Timeline of Environmental Movement and History=====
+[https://www.pbs.org/wnet/americanmasters/a-fierce-green-fire-timeline-of-environmental-movement/2988/ by AMERICAN MASTERS 15/4/14]
+ Seminal works that serve as milestones in environmentalism come from writers and naturalists from the mid-19th century to the mid-20th century.
+=====< The E.P.A.'s $4.6 Billion Win=====
+[https://www.npr.org/transcripts/15143100 by LUKE BURBANK 10/10/07 npr]
+ BURBANK: It is a company called American Electrical Power and one of the country's largest suppliers of electricity and they have agreed to pay out an estimated $4.6 billion in a settlement reached with the Environmental Protection Agency over pollution that allegedly caused, among other things, acid rain.
+=====Who Created Environmental Protection Agency? - CountyOffice.org=====
+[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_JbqRrsxjSc by YouTube]
+ Who Created Environmental Protection Agency? In this informative video, we will uncover the history behind the establishment of the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). The late 1960s and early 1970s marked a time when environmental issues became a pressing concern in the United States. We will discuss the events that led to the need for a unified approach to environmental protection, including key publications and incidents that raised public awareness.
+=====The EPA was formed | Today in History=====
+[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cvM54p1CQeA by WUSA9 2023 YouTube]
+ We give thanks to a date decades ago after one of the most crucial government agencies was formed.
+=====When Was the Environmental Protection Agency Established? - CountyOffice.org=====
+[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mT7NUZzthWs by County Office YouTube]
+ When Was the Environmental Protection Agency Established? In this informative video, we will take a closer look at the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and its establishment during a pivotal moment in U.S. history. The late 1960s and early 1970s marked a time when environmental issues became increasingly pressing, prompting a national conversation about pollution and conservation. We will discuss the key events that led to the formation of the EPA, including significant incidents that highlighted the urgent need for federal action.
+=====Panel: "The Environmental Protection Agency at the Half Century Mark, 1970-2020"=====
+[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L7VkBAzyYF8 by notevenpast YouTube]
+ On the 50th anniversary of the creation of the Environmental Protection Agency, panelists will present on the agency’s tenure from a number of perspectives including a personal reflection on what it was like to work at the EPA, how the agency’s policy initiatives have changed, and how the legal framework around the agency has shifted over time.
+=====Why Did Nixon Create The EPA? - CountyOffice.org=====
+[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AJ16n8j8t_U by County Office YouTube]
+ We kick off by discussing the environmental crisis that gripped America in the late 1960s. From rampant air pollution to rivers on fire, we'll explore how these alarming conditions LED to the proposal of a federal agency dedicated to environmental protection. We'll also discuss the role public outcry played in shaping this decision.
+=====100 Days, 100 Environmental Accomplishments=====
+[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AH3iwfMkeT0 by U.S. Environmental Protection Agency YouTube]
+ In the first 100 days, Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has made major strides to safeguard human health and the environment, ensuring clean air, land, and water for every American. Hear from Administrator Zeldin on some of EPA’s environmental accomplishments in the first 100 days.
+=====William Ruckelshaus first EPA Administrator 2008 video of US Environmental Protection Agency=====
+[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-3oEWPX5gWY by markdcatlin YouTube]
+ William D. Ruckelshaus served as the first Administrator of the newly created US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) by then President Richard Nixon from Dec. 4, 1970 -- April 30, 1973.  By 1970, many Americans had been convinced of the need for federal environmental protection, thanks to a fire on the polluted Cuyahoga River, a big oil spill along the Santa Barbara coastline, and Rachel Carson's 1962 book Silent Spring. President Nixon tapped  Ruckelshaus, an assistant attorney general and air-quality advocate from Indiana, to construct the first EPA by piecing together programs from the Interior Department and the Department of Health, Education and Welfare.
+=====Paul Pepper: Ken Midkiff, "The Surprising History of Sierra Club Founder John Muir"=====
+[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FRL-fB4bKlM by Radio Friends with Paul Pepper 2020 YouTube]
+ There's a movement happening this year in which monuments to controversial figures are being removed or suppressed at the request of those it offends. Local columnist/activist/environmentalist KEN MIDKIFF tells us about another one that you may not know about: Sierra Club founder John Muir, who was a "absolute racist." September 4, 2020
+=====Aaron Mair, Sierra Club: Connecting civil rights, place, race, and justice=====
+[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YC6UwlhyI0c by
+Oral History Center of The Bancroft Library 2021 YouTube]
+ Aaron Mair is a leader in the environmental justice movement and was elected as the 57th president and first African-American president of the Sierra Club from 2015-2017. Mair was born on November 27, 1960, and grew up in Peekskill, New York. In 1984, Mair earned a Bachelor of Arts in History and Sociology from the State University of New York at Binghamton University, which included studying at The American University in Cairo, Egypt.
+=====When the Sierra Club Saved the Grand Canyon | A Fierce Green Fire | American Masters=====
+[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qKFPsnaPjPE by American Masters PBS 2014 YouTube]
+ In the late 1960s, the Sierra Club's fight to save the Grand Canyon from dams was met by retaliation by the IRS. Between the Sierra Club's advertising campaign and the involvement of the IRS, public opinion was galvanized to protect the Grand Canyon. This video is an excerpt from American Masters: A Fierce Green Fire, premiering on PBS on Earth Day, April 22, 2014 at 9 pm. Learn more at www.pbs.org/wnet/americanmasters.
+=====John Muir, the "Father of the National Park System"=====
+[https://www.thoughtco.com/john-muir-inspired-the-conservation-movement-1773625 by Robert McNamara 7/3/19 ThoughtCo.]
+ John Muir is a significant figure of the 19th century as he stood opposed to the exploitation of natural resources at a time when many believed the resources of the earth were infinite.

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