Malaria: Difference between revisions

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[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HfCk4aF6dJY by GSK YouTube]

Find how we worked with partners on the research and development of RTS,S – the world’s first malaria vaccine for endemic countries. The video features interviews with our GSK R&D teams, our partners at PATH and healthcare leaders in Kenya, to delve into 35 years of development: how we started out, what challenges we met along the way and where things are now.

=====Can a new malaria vaccine for children eradicate the disease? Here’s what to know=====

[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oC_M731Rtqw by PBS NewsHour YouTube]

Malaria is one of the world’s deadliest diseases. Across Africa, it kills nearly half a million children younger than 5 each year. A new vaccine, only the second of its kind, holds the promise of saving thousands of lives and moving the world closer to eradicating malaria. Ali Rogin speaks with Andrew Jones, deputy director of immunization supplies for UNICEF, to learn more.

=====Everything you need to know about the malaria vaccine=====

[https://www.gavi.org/vaccineswork/everything-you-need-know-about-malaria-vaccine by Gavi Staff 19/1/24 Gavi]

Malaria is one of the biggest global health threats, with an estimated 247 million malaria cases and 619,000 malaria deaths globally in 2021, almost all of them in Africa. On this continent, the disease is one of the biggest killers of young children, with half a million children aged under five years dying each year.

=====Malaria Vaccines: Recent Advances and New Horizons=====

[https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6054918/ by Simon J Draper Simon J Draper 11/7/18 NIH]

The development of highly effective and durable vaccines against the human malaria parasites Plasmodium falciparum and P. vivax remains a key priority. Decades of endeavor have taught that achieving this goal will be challenging; however, recent innovation in malaria vaccine research and a diverse pipeline of novel vaccine candidates for clinical assessment provides optimism.

=====Malaria Vaccines: Recent Advances and New Horizons=====

[https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6054918/ by Simon J Draper NIH]

The development of highly effective and durable vaccines against the human malaria parasites Plasmodium falciparum and P. vivax remains a key priority. Decades of endeavor have taught that achieving this goal will be challenging; however, recent innovation in malaria vaccine research and a diverse pipeline of novel vaccine candidates for clinical assessment provides optimism. With first-generation pre-erythrocytic vaccines aiming for licensure in the coming years, it is important to reflect on how next-generation approaches can improve on their success.

=====RTS,S=====

[https://www.malariavaccine.org/existing-vaccines/rtss by PATH]

On October 6, 2021, the World Health Organization (WHO) recommended RTS,S/AS01, the world’s first malaria vaccine, for use in children at risk of malaria caused by Plasmodium falciparum. The WHO recommendation was informed by available evidence on RTS,S, including findings from a pilot implementation of the vaccine through routine childhood immunization in areas of Ghana, Kenya, and Malawi.

=====Malaria Vaccine Research & Development Plan=====

[https://sanaria.com/research-development/ by SANARIA]

Sanaria’s innovative vaccines based on live attenuated sporozoites have shown excellent efficacy in trials in the United States, Germany, and multiple countries in Africa.

=====Why Malaria Vaccines May Work Better in Some Places Than Others (with Lemu Golassa)=====

[https://publichealth.jhu.edu/malaria-research-institute/extended-why-malaria-vaccines-may-work-better-in-some-places-than-others-with-lemu-golassa by JOHNS HOPKINS]

In 2021, the WHO recommended RTS,S – not only the world’s first malaria vaccine, but the world’s first vaccine against a parasite. Decades in the making, RTS,S was first rolled out in three countries: Ghana, Kenya, and Malawi.

=====We developed the first malaria vaccine, now what?=====

[https://www.path.org/p/the-worlds-first-malaria-vaccine-what-next/ by PATH]

In 2021, the World Health Organization (WHO) recommended the RTS,S vaccine against malaria for broader use. Two months later, the Gavi Board approved funding to support malaria vaccine roll-out in sub-Saharan Africa. Not only is this the first malaria vaccine to earn such a recommendation and support, but it’s also the world’s first vaccine against a parasite.

=====Malaria vaccines: the 60-year journey of hope and final success—lessons learned and future prospects=====

[https://tropmedhealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s41182-023-00516-w by Amal A. El-Moamly 17/5/23 BMC]

This review highlights the history of development, and the different approaches and types of malaria vaccines, and the literature to date. It covers the developmental stages of RTS,S/AS01 and recommends steps for its deployment. The review explores other potential vaccine candidates and their status, and suggests options for their further development. It also recommends future roles for vaccines in eradicating malaria. Questions remain on how RTS,S vaccine will work in widespread use and how it can best be utilized to benefit vulnerable communities.

=====Malaria: The malaria vaccine implementation programme (MVIP)=====

[https://www.who.int/news-room/questions-and-answers/item/malaria-vaccine-implementation-programme by World Health Organization]

Beginning in 2019, 3 sub-Saharan African countries – Ghana, Kenya and Malawi – led the introduction of the vaccine in selected areas of moderate-to-high malaria transmission as part of a large-scale pilot programme coordinated by WHO. The aim is to vaccinate about 360 000 children per year in the selected areas across the 3 countries. Vaccinations are being provided through each country’s routine immunization programme.

=====Malaria Vaccines: Turning a Scientific Triumph into Millions of Lives Saved=====

[https://www.cgdev.org/blog/malaria-vaccines-turning-scientific-triumph-millions-lives-saved by CGD]

After decades of research and development, two new malaria vaccines entered routine administration this year. This is a huge win for science, and potentially for humanity. Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance, projects that these vaccines will save 180,000 children’s lives by 2030.

=====In real-world study, malaria vaccine effectiveness matches clinical trials=====

[https://www.cidrap.umn.edu/malaria/real-world-study-malaria-vaccine-effectiveness-matches-clinical-trials by Chris Dall, MA 11/11/25 CIDRAP]

Interim analysis of a phase 4 study shows incidence of malaria and severe malaria were significantly reduced in children who received the RTS,S/AS01E malaria vaccine, researchers reported last week in The Lancet Global Health.

=====Malaria vaccine basics=====

[https://draperlab.web.ox.ac.uk/malaria-vaccine-basics by Draper Lab]

Malaria is one of humanity's oldest and most deadly foes, in 2022 there were 249 million infections resulting in 608 000 deaths. Vaccines are one of the most successful healthcare interventions therefore a highly effective vaccine for malaria is crucial to win the fight against this parasite.

=====‘We’re aiming to protect even more children’: Research starts on second-generation malaria vaccine to prevent most severe form of disease=====

[https://www.gsk.com/en-gb/behind-the-science-magazine/second-generation-malaria-vaccine/ by GSK 25/4/25]

The research will build on the success of first-generation vaccines by adding a new antigen – a molecule that stimulates an immune response.

=====Overview=====

[https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/malaria/symptoms-causes/syc-20351184 by MAYO CLINIC]

Malaria is a disease caused by a parasite. The parasite is spread to humans through the bites of infected mosquitoes. People who have malaria usually feel very sick with a high fever and shaking chills.

=====Malaria vaccine questions and answers=====

[https://www.unicef.org/supply/documents/malaria-vaccine-questions-and-answers by unicef]

Malaria is a preventable and curable life-threatening parasitic disease, and yet there are still an estimated 627,000 deaths a year, of which 77 per cent are children under five years of age. This questions and answers update on new malaria vaccines, provides general information on malaria vaccine supply, price, and the ongoing market shaping efforts.

=====Africa launches historic malaria vaccine rollout amid funding uncertainty=====

[https://www.nature.com/articles/d44148-025-00245-8 by nature africa 15/8/25]

As malaria remains one of Africa’s most persistent public health threats, 2025 is poised to become a turning point in the fight against the disease, with numerous African countries set to expand vaccine coverage at unprecedented levels.

=====First malaria vaccine slashes early childhood mortality=====

[https://www.science.org/content/article/first-malaria-vaccine-slashes-early-childhood-deaths by Meredith Wadman 24/10/23 Science]

In a major analysis in Africa, the first vaccine approved to fight malaria cut deaths among young children by 13% over nearly 4 years, the World Health Organization (WHO) reported last week. The huge evaluation of a pilot rollout of the vaccine, called RTS,S or Mosquirix and made by GlaxoSmithKline, also showed a 22% reduction in severe malaria in kids young enough to receive a three-shot series.

=====Zambia launches malaria vaccine to protect over half million children=====

[https://www.gavi.org/news/media-room/zambia-launches-malaria-vaccine-protect-over-half-million-children by Gavi 27/10/25]

Lusaka, Zambia, 27 October 2025 – The Government of the Republic of Zambia, through the Ministry of Health, today officially launched the malaria vaccine R21/Matrix-M,as part of its Expanded Programme on Immunisation (EPI), marking a historic milestone in the country’s fight against malaria. Over 500,000 children aged 6–8 months will be vaccinated in the months following the launch.

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@@ Line 207: / Line 207: @@
 [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HfCk4aF6dJY by GSK YouTube]
   Find how we worked with partners on the research and development of RTS,S – the world’s first malaria vaccine for endemic countries. The video features interviews with our GSK R&D teams, our partners at PATH and healthcare leaders in Kenya, to delve into 35 years of development: how we started out, what challenges we met along the way and where things are now.
+=====Can a new malaria vaccine for children eradicate the disease? Here’s what to know=====
+[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oC_M731Rtqw by PBS NewsHour YouTube]
+ Malaria is one of the world’s deadliest diseases. Across Africa, it kills nearly half a million children younger than 5 each year. A new vaccine, only the second of its kind, holds the promise of saving thousands of lives and moving the world closer to eradicating malaria. Ali Rogin speaks with Andrew Jones, deputy director of immunization supplies for UNICEF, to learn more.
+=====Everything you need to know about the malaria vaccine=====
+[https://www.gavi.org/vaccineswork/everything-you-need-know-about-malaria-vaccine by Gavi Staff 19/1/24 Gavi]
+ Malaria is one of the biggest global health threats, with an estimated 247 million malaria cases and 619,000 malaria deaths globally in 2021, almost all of them in Africa. On this continent, the disease is one of the biggest killers of young children, with half a million children aged under five years dying each year.
+=====Malaria Vaccines: Recent Advances and New Horizons=====
+[https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6054918/ by Simon J Draper Simon J Draper 11/7/18 NIH]
+ The development of highly effective and durable vaccines against the human malaria parasites Plasmodium falciparum and P. vivax remains a key priority. Decades of endeavor have taught that achieving this goal will be challenging; however, recent innovation in malaria vaccine research and a diverse pipeline of novel vaccine candidates for clinical assessment provides optimism.
+=====Malaria Vaccines: Recent Advances and New Horizons=====
+[https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6054918/ by Simon J Draper NIH]
+ The development of highly effective and durable vaccines against the human malaria parasites Plasmodium falciparum and P. vivax remains a key priority. Decades of endeavor have taught that achieving this goal will be challenging; however, recent innovation in malaria vaccine research and a diverse pipeline of novel vaccine candidates for clinical assessment provides optimism. With first-generation pre-erythrocytic vaccines aiming for licensure in the coming years, it is important to reflect on how next-generation approaches can improve on their success.
+=====RTS,S=====
+[https://www.malariavaccine.org/existing-vaccines/rtss by PATH]
+ On October 6, 2021, the World Health Organization (WHO) recommended RTS,S/AS01, the world’s first malaria vaccine, for use in children at risk of malaria caused by Plasmodium falciparum. The WHO recommendation was informed by available evidence on RTS,S, including findings from a pilot implementation of the vaccine through routine childhood immunization in areas of Ghana, Kenya, and Malawi.
+=====Malaria Vaccine Research & Development Plan=====
+[https://sanaria.com/research-development/ by SANARIA]
+ Sanaria’s innovative vaccines based on live attenuated sporozoites have shown excellent efficacy in trials in the United States, Germany, and multiple countries in Africa.
+=====Why Malaria Vaccines May Work Better in Some Places Than Others (with Lemu Golassa)=====
+[https://publichealth.jhu.edu/malaria-research-institute/extended-why-malaria-vaccines-may-work-better-in-some-places-than-others-with-lemu-golassa by JOHNS HOPKINS]
+ In 2021, the WHO recommended RTS,S – not only the world’s first malaria vaccine, but the world’s first vaccine against a parasite. Decades in the making, RTS,S was first rolled out in three countries: Ghana, Kenya, and Malawi.
+=====We developed the first malaria vaccine, now what?=====
+[https://www.path.org/p/the-worlds-first-malaria-vaccine-what-next/ by PATH]
+ In 2021, the World Health Organization (WHO) recommended the RTS,S vaccine against malaria for broader use. Two months later, the Gavi Board approved funding to support malaria vaccine roll-out in sub-Saharan Africa. Not only is this the first malaria vaccine to earn such a recommendation and support, but it’s also the world’s first vaccine against a parasite.
+=====Malaria vaccines: the 60-year journey of hope and final success—lessons learned and future prospects=====
+[https://tropmedhealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s41182-023-00516-w by Amal A. El-Moamly 17/5/23 BMC]
+ This review highlights the history of development, and the different approaches and types of malaria vaccines, and the literature to date. It covers the developmental stages of RTS,S/AS01 and recommends steps for its deployment. The review explores other potential vaccine candidates and their status, and suggests options for their further development. It also recommends future roles for vaccines in eradicating malaria. Questions remain on how RTS,S vaccine will work in widespread use and how it can best be utilized to benefit vulnerable communities.
+=====Malaria: The malaria vaccine implementation programme (MVIP)=====
+[https://www.who.int/news-room/questions-and-answers/item/malaria-vaccine-implementation-programme by World Health Organization]
+ Beginning in 2019, 3 sub-Saharan African countries – Ghana, Kenya and Malawi – led the introduction of the vaccine in selected areas of moderate-to-high malaria transmission as part of a large-scale pilot programme coordinated by WHO. The aim is to vaccinate about 360 000 children per year in the selected areas across the 3 countries. Vaccinations are being provided through each country’s routine immunization programme.
+=====Malaria Vaccines: Turning a Scientific Triumph into Millions of Lives Saved=====
+[https://www.cgdev.org/blog/malaria-vaccines-turning-scientific-triumph-millions-lives-saved by CGD]
+ After decades of research and development, two new malaria vaccines entered routine administration this year. This is a huge win for science, and potentially for humanity. Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance, projects that these vaccines will save 180,000 children’s lives by 2030.
+=====In real-world study, malaria vaccine effectiveness matches clinical trials=====
+[https://www.cidrap.umn.edu/malaria/real-world-study-malaria-vaccine-effectiveness-matches-clinical-trials by Chris Dall, MA 11/11/25 CIDRAP]
+ Interim analysis of a phase 4 study shows incidence of malaria and severe malaria were significantly reduced in children who received the RTS,S/AS01E malaria vaccine, researchers reported last week in The Lancet Global Health.
+=====Malaria vaccine basics=====
+[https://draperlab.web.ox.ac.uk/malaria-vaccine-basics by Draper Lab]
+ Malaria is one of humanity's oldest and most deadly foes, in 2022 there were 249 million infections resulting in 608 000 deaths. Vaccines are one of the most successful healthcare interventions therefore a highly effective vaccine for malaria is crucial to win the fight against this parasite.
+=====‘We’re aiming to protect even more children’: Research starts on second-generation malaria vaccine to prevent most severe form of disease=====
+[https://www.gsk.com/en-gb/behind-the-science-magazine/second-generation-malaria-vaccine/ by GSK 25/4/25]
+ The research will build on the success of first-generation vaccines by adding a new antigen – a molecule that stimulates an immune response.
+=====Overview=====
+[https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/malaria/symptoms-causes/syc-20351184 by MAYO CLINIC]
+ Malaria is a disease caused by a parasite. The parasite is spread to humans through the bites of infected mosquitoes. People who have malaria usually feel very sick with a high fever and shaking chills.
+=====Malaria vaccine questions and answers=====
+[https://www.unicef.org/supply/documents/malaria-vaccine-questions-and-answers by unicef]
+ Malaria is a preventable and curable life-threatening parasitic disease, and yet there are still an estimated 627,000 deaths a year, of which 77 per cent are children under five years of age. This questions and answers update on new malaria vaccines, provides general information on malaria vaccine supply, price, and the ongoing market shaping efforts.
+=====Africa launches historic malaria vaccine rollout amid funding uncertainty=====
+[https://www.nature.com/articles/d44148-025-00245-8 by nature africa 15/8/25]
+ As malaria remains one of Africa’s most persistent public health threats, 2025 is poised to become a turning point in the fight against the disease, with numerous African countries set to expand vaccine coverage at unprecedented levels.
+=====First malaria vaccine slashes early childhood mortality=====
+[https://www.science.org/content/article/first-malaria-vaccine-slashes-early-childhood-deaths by Meredith Wadman 24/10/23 Science]
+ In a major analysis in Africa, the first vaccine approved to fight malaria cut deaths among young children by 13% over nearly 4 years, the World Health Organization (WHO) reported last week. The huge evaluation of a pilot rollout of the vaccine, called RTS,S or Mosquirix and made by GlaxoSmithKline, also showed a 22% reduction in severe malaria in kids young enough to receive a three-shot series.
+=====Zambia launches malaria vaccine to protect over half million children=====
+[https://www.gavi.org/news/media-room/zambia-launches-malaria-vaccine-protect-over-half-million-children by Gavi 27/10/25]
+ Lusaka, Zambia, 27 October 2025 – The Government of the Republic of Zambia, through the Ministry of Health, today officially launched the malaria vaccine R21/Matrix-M,as part of its Expanded Programme on Immunisation (EPI), marking a historic milestone in the country’s fight against malaria. Over 500,000 children aged 6–8 months will be vaccinated in the months following the launch.