Everyday Life Under Segregation: Difference between revisions

From WikiDemocracy
Jump to navigationJump to search
← Older edit

Kirk (talk | contribs)

7 user groups
6,927 edits
VisualWikitext
No edit summary
No edit summary
 
Line 394: Line 394:
[https://oralhistory.unt.edu/oh-1600 Oral History Interview, OH 1600 | Ledell Goodson Randle | University of North Texas | October 7, 2006]
[https://oralhistory.unt.edu/oh-1600 Oral History Interview, OH 1600 | Ledell Goodson Randle | University of North Texas | October 7, 2006]
  Randle recalls childhood in a sharecropping family near Hawkins, Texas, attending all-Black schools, and moving to Dallas in 1941 for domestic and factory work. She discusses marriage, relocation to Eastland, church life, and her children's schooling. This link is a catalog description of the interview.
  Randle recalls childhood in a sharecropping family near Hawkins, Texas, attending all-Black schools, and moving to Dallas in 1941 for domestic and factory work. She discusses marriage, relocation to Eastland, church life, and her children's schooling. This link is a catalog description of the interview.
__NOTOC__
=== Everyday Life: Recreation, Friendship, Shopping, and Meals ===
'''88. Julius Keaton — Family Outings to a Segregated Beach'''
[https://www.nps.gov/media/video/view.htm?id=7CC804E4-4529-4E9B-BC13-ABBBCACB8D25 Oral History Interview with Julius Keaton | Julius Keaton | National Park Service | December 9, 2011]
Keaton remembers growing up in segregated Homestead, Florida, and spending weekends at the beach with his extended family. Food, music, dancing, and family gatherings feature prominently. He also recalls restrictions extending to the roads leading to the beach and changes that followed integration.
'''89. Nancye Turner Suggs — Playing Together but Attending Separate Schools'''
[https://www.nps.gov/media/video/view.htm?id=F3BA7B91-3F10-4AEF-91F6-C98BE09336CC Oral History Interview with Nancy Suggs | Nancye Turner Suggs | National Park Service | August 15, 2001]
Suggs describes the contradictions of her Washington, D.C., childhood: she played with white neighborhood children, but they attended separate schools. Her interview connects family employment, neighborhood boundaries, and educational segregation, showing how racial divisions could interrupt otherwise familiar childhood relationships.
'''90. Octavia Briggs — A Childhood Playmate's Invitation Withdrawn'''
[https://home.nps.gov/media/video/view.htm?id=1C8246F3-D59E-4458-861A-9AA917A5D132 Oral History Interview with Octavia Briggs | Octavia Briggs | National Park Service | August 1, 2001]
Briggs recalls playing with a white girl while her father worked on the girl's family's land near Summerton, South Carolina. When lunchtime arrived, the girl's mother refused to let Briggs enter the house. Her broader account includes farming, family life, and growing up within a segregated community.
'''91. Christine McCreary — Finding Somewhere to Eat at Work'''
[https://www.senate.gov/about/oral-history/segregation/mccreary-christine-challenging-de-facto-segregation.htm Christine McCreary Challenges De Facto Segregation | Christine McCreary | United States Senate Historical Office | May 19, 1998]
McCreary remembers beginning work in the Senate in 1953 and asking where she could eat in segregated Washington. She describes the reception she received at the Senate cafeteria and returning repeatedly until her presence became accepted. This excerpt makes workplace discrimination tangible through an ordinary breakfast.
'''92. Alice Spraggins — Saturday Theater Trips and Restrictions on Buying Clothes'''
[https://www.pbs.org/ellingtonsdc/interviewsSpraggins.htm Interview with Alice Spraggins | Alice Spraggins | PBS, Duke Ellington's Washington | Interview year not stated]
Spraggins remembers saving money for Saturday shows at the Howard Theater, music lessons, and neighborhood social life. She also describes exclusion from downtown theaters, buying clothes from a traveling seller, and refusing to return to a store that imposed a special requirement before she could try on a hat.
=== Childhood and Unequal Education ===
'''93. Mary Helen Berlanga — Childhood Segregation in Texas'''
[https://crbb.tcu.edu/clips/3599/segregation-in-childhood Segregation in Childhood | Mary Helen Berlanga | Texas Christian University, Civil Rights in Black and Brown | July 12, 2016]
This recorded interview segment concerns Berlanga's childhood experiences of segregation. The archive indexes it under residential separation, Anglo-Mexican relations, family relationships, textbooks, and community involvement in education. It provides a Mexican American perspective within the broader history of everyday racial boundaries in Texas.
'''94. Claudis Minor — Segregation Across Schools and Public Accommodations'''
[https://crbb.tcu.edu/clips/6528/childhood-memories-segregation-and-education Childhood Memories: Segregation and Education | Claudis Minor | Texas Christian University, Civil Rights in Black and Brown | June 25, 2016]
Minor's recorded recollections connect childhood education with segregation beyond the classroom. The archive identifies stores, restaurants, transportation, parenting, and school sports among the segment's subjects. The interview was recorded in San Antonio and references local schools and Prairie View A&M University.
'''95. Glenda Funchess — Growing Up During School Desegregation'''
[https://www.loc.gov/item/2016655407/ Glenda Funchess Oral History Interview | Glenda Funchess | Library of Congress, Civil Rights History Project | December 2, 2015]
Funchess remembers childhood in Hattiesburg, Mississippi, and becoming one of the first Black children to attend its previously white schools. She also discusses Freedom Summer and the Mount Zion Church Freedom School, connecting formal schooling with the alternative educational opportunities created by her community.
'''96. Adkin High School Alumni — Discovering What the White School Had'''
[https://www.loc.gov/item/2015669195/ Adkin High School Group Oral History | John Dudley, Eleanor Stewart, Charles Jarmon, Frances Suggs, Harold Suggs, and Samuel Dove | Library of Congress | June 28, 2013]
Six former students remember family life and schooling in segregated Kinston, North Carolina. They describe recognizing inequalities between their school and the white school they could not attend. Their joint account explains how those everyday disparities led them to organize a school-wide walkout in 1951.
'''97. Louise Willingham Broadway — Schooling and Lessons Learned at Home'''
[https://www.loc.gov/item/2015669167/ Louise Broadway Oral History Interview | Louise Willingham Broadway | Library of Congress, Civil Rights History Project | March 9, 2013]
Broadway recalls attending segregated schools in Baker County, Georgia, and the lessons her parents taught her during childhood. This interview offers a family-centered perspective on growing up under segregation, linking experiences in formal education with the guidance children received at home.
=== Family Support, Teachers, and Learning Racial Boundaries ===
'''98. Johnnie Ruth McCullar — Growing Up in Sasser, Georgia'''
[https://www.loc.gov/item/2015669164/ Johnnie Ruth McCullar Oral History Interview | Johnnie Ruth Browner McCullar | Library of Congress, Civil Rights History Project | March 9, 2013]
McCullar remembers childhood in southwest Georgia and attending segregated schools in Sasser. She connects those experiences with her later participation in sit-ins and voter registration work. Her reflections consider changes in local social and political life across her lifetime.
'''99. Grace Hall Miller — Family Life, Schooling, and Community Support'''
[https://www.loc.gov/item/2015669166/ Grace Miller Oral History Interview | Grace Hall Miller | Library of Congress, Civil Rights History Project | March 9, 2013]
Miller recalls childhood in Baker County, Georgia, segregated education, marriage, and raising a family. She describes her home's role in the local civil rights movement and the community's support for her children. Her account also connects her children's school integration experiences with her commitment to improving education.
'''100. Dorothy Mae Pringle Choice — What Dedicated Teachers Could Provide'''
[https://www.nps.gov/media/video/view.htm?id=E978D0F8-AE7F-47CE-B2AA-79C81F00946F Oral History Interview with Dorothy Choice, Part 1 | Dorothy Mae Pringle Choice | National Park Service | July 12, 2001]
Choice compares her schooling in Sumter County with educational conditions in Clarendon County, South Carolina. She recalls the teacher who inspired her to study French and discusses teachers' preparation, limited resources, and the extra work required to help students succeed within unequal school systems.
'''101. Leola Ragin Parks — The Bus Ride into a Previously White School'''
[https://www.nps.gov/media/video/view.htm?id=EBE6B697-1482-4910-BAD5-858467ADA864 Oral History Interview with Leola Ragin Parks, Part 1 | Leola Ragin Parks | National Park Service | July 11, 2001]
Parks recalls leaving a segregated educational setting to attend Summerton High School. She describes apprehension on an integrated school bus, white pupils staring and snickering, and the reassurance of family support. She also remembers her grand-aunt reading to her and encouraging her education.
'''102. Florence Edwards Borders — Learning to Read the Signs of Segregation'''
[https://repository.duke.edu/dc/behindtheveil/f0174cbd-e7f1-418d-89dc-1134add4debc Florence Borders Interview Recording | Florence Edwards Borders | Duke University, Behind the Veil | June 20, 1994]
Borders remembers sounding out segregation signs as a child in New Orleans and asking her father why the facilities designated for Black people looked inferior. She describes his explanations, the books and Black publications he brought home, and his efforts to compensate for inadequate school textbooks.
=== Neighborhoods, Household Responsibilities, and Community Institutions ===
'''103. Olaf Abraham — Radio, Ball Games, Pharmacies, and School Days'''
[https://brooklyn-oral-history.charlotte.edu/olaf-abraham/ Oral History Interview with Olaf Abraham | Olaf Abraham | University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Brooklyn Oral History | April 11, 2007]
Abraham recalls his childhood home in Charlotte's Brooklyn neighborhood, getting electricity, favorite radio programs, and playing ball at Pearl Street Park. He describes school routines, working in neighborhood pharmacies, theater visits, and the relationships that sustained the community before urban renewal dispersed it.
'''104. Alfred Alexander — Growing Up with Restricted Access to Downtown'''
[https://goldmine.charlotte.edu/record/26665 Alfred Alexander Oral History Interview | Alfred Alexander | University of North Carolina at Charlotte | May 10, 2001]
Alexander remembers childhood in Charlotte's Brooklyn neighborhood and the limits segregation placed on access to downtown public spaces. His account describes separate facilities and restricted access as features of ordinary urban life, offering a resident's perspective on the city's racial boundaries.
'''105. Evelyn Sears Peevy — Household Chores and Working in the Family Store'''
[https://repository.duke.edu/dc/behindtheveil/6bb86303-c379-40bc-8542-a8d79d6c9d0b Evelyn Peevy Interview Recording | Evelyn Sears Peevy | Duke University, Behind the Veil | August 10, 1995]
Peevy remembers growing up in a large Norfolk family whose home also housed a business. She describes cooking, sewing, helping in the store, and doing schoolwork while working. Later recollections include college expectations and white colleagues' resistance to her authority during school integration.
'''106. Ernestine Bynum — Remembering the Businesses Along Fayetteville Street'''
[https://repository.duke.edu/dc/behindtheveil/btvnc03006 Ernestine Bynum Interview Recording | Ernestine Bynum | Duke University, Behind the Veil | May 27, 1993]
Bynum reconstructs the everyday geography of Black Durham through its libraries, churches, groceries, drugstores, theaters, and homes. She also recalls the expectations attached to her family's funeral business and her reluctance to enter that profession, connecting community institutions with personal choices and obligations.
'''107. Thereasea Elder — Sharing Food, Clothing, and Childcare'''
[https://brooklyn-oral-history.charlotte.edu/thereasea-elder/ Oral History Interview with Thereasea Elder | Thereasea Elder | University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Brooklyn Oral History | Interview date not stated; page published September 26, 2016]
Elder remembers family activities, church parades, and relationships among Charlotte's Black communities. The recording includes families helping one another with food, clothing, and childcare, alongside discussion of segregation, the Klan, healthcare integration, and the consequences of urban renewal.
=== Work, Business, Sports, and Medical Institutions ===
'''108. David Lee Hunter — Working in a Restaurant Under Segregation'''
[https://goldmine.charlotte.edu/record/26498?ln=en David Hunter Oral History Interview 2 | David Lee Hunter | University of North Carolina at Charlotte | April 14, 2005]
Hunter remembers working as a teenager at Charlotte's Ringside Grill during the 1940s. He describes support from the restaurant's owners despite prejudice from some customers, then follows his later career in education. His account connects restricted public accommodations with the effects of race on employment.
'''109. Joseph Burt Scott — Baseball Travel and Refusal of Restaurant Service'''
[https://repository.duke.edu/dc/behindtheveil/4e5d8bcf-2378-4987-8eba-8e22f2117afd Joseph Scott Interview Recording | Joseph Burt Scott | Duke University, Behind the Veil | June 14, 1995]
Scott recalls childhood in Memphis, baseball, military service, and racial barriers encountered while traveling with teammates. One episode concerns a restaurant refusing to serve him until his lieutenant intervened. His narrative includes segregated accommodations and the personal strategies he used when confronted with racial hostility.
'''110. York Garrett — From a Family Grocery Store to a Pharmacy'''
[https://repository.duke.edu/dc/behindtheveil/btvnc03014 York Garrett Interview Recording | York Garrett | Duke University, Behind the Veil | June 3, 1993]
Garrett remembers his father's grocery business in Tarboro, North Carolina, and how learning to sell goods shaped his own career plans. He describes studying pharmacy and opening his store in 1921. His account documents Black entrepreneurship, family assistance, and commercial life during the Jim Crow era.
'''111. William Alexander Clement — Earning a Living in a Black Insurance Company'''
[https://repository.duke.edu/dc/behindtheveil/btvnc03008 William Clement Interview Recording | William Alexander Clement | Duke University, Behind the Veil | May 28, 1993]
Clement recalls entering North Carolina Mutual, training in Durham, and beginning work in Memphis for $12.50 a week. He compares his earnings with teachers' salaries and describes a career spanning several Southern states. The interview offers a perspective on employment within a major Black institution under segregation.
'''112. William M. Landau — Segregation in Hospitals and Medical Training'''
[https://digitalcommons.wustl.edu/deseg_hist/8/ William M. Landau Oral History | William M. Landau | Washington University, Bernard Becker Medical Library | 1990]
Landau recounts experiences of segregation in St. Louis from childhood through medical school and work at Barnes Hospital. His physician's perspective addresses the practices and institutional resistance surrounding hospital and medical-school desegregation. The archive provides the interview recording and a downloadable document.
__TOC__
[[Category:Everyday life under segregation]]
[[Category:First-person narratives]]
[[Category:Oral histories]]
[[Category:African American history]]
[[Category:Mexican American history]]
[[Category:Jim Crow]]


[[Category:First-person narratives]]
[[Category:First-person narratives]]
Retrieved from "https://wikidemocracy.us/wiki/Everyday_Life_Under_Segregation"