Mass Migration

The Bottom Millions

| (Author listed on page) | Stimson Center | 2026

An analysis of the world’s most vulnerable populations facing compounding pressures from climate change, conflict, and economic instability, emphasizing how environmental stressors are driving displacement and fragility.

It explores how governance gaps and inequality amplify climate risks, and calls for coordinated global strategies to prevent large-scale humanitarian crises.

By Embracing Resilience, the Insurance Industry Can Be Part of the Climate Solution

| (Author listed on page) | World Economic Forum | March 2026

A policy-oriented article arguing that the insurance sector can play a critical role in climate adaptation by incentivizing resilience and risk reduction.

It highlights how climate-driven disasters are reshaping financial systems and how proactive insurance models can help communities withstand and recover from environmental shocks.

New Champions Awards: Business Innovation in a Changing World

| (Author listed on page) | World Economic Forum | February 2026

A feature on emerging global companies recognized for innovative approaches to sustainability, resilience, and inclusive growth.

It connects business innovation to broader global challenges such as climate change, resource scarcity, and shifting economic systems.

Overuse Is Pushing the World Toward ‘Water Bankruptcy’

| (Author listed on page) | Mongabay | (Date listed on page)

A short report warning that excessive water extraction is depleting freshwater systems faster than they can recover.

It frames water scarcity as a looming global crisis with implications for agriculture, migration, and geopolitical stability.

Tipping Points and Ecosystem Collapse Are the Real Geopolitical Risk

| (Author listed on page) | Mongabay | February 2026

A commentary arguing that environmental tipping points—such as forest dieback and coral collapse—pose systemic risks to global stability.

It links ecosystem degradation to food insecurity, displacement, and increased conflict potential across regions.

Disasters Triggered Nearly 265 Million Forced Movements Over the Past Decade

| (Author listed on page) | Internal Displacement Monitoring Centre | 2026

A data-driven report quantifying the scale of disaster-related displacement globally over the last decade.

It highlights how climate-related hazards like floods and storms are increasingly displacing populations and straining humanitarian systems.

Top Ten Global Risks for 2026

| (Author listed on page) | Stimson Center | 2026

An overview of the most significant global risks, including climate change, water scarcity, and geopolitical instability.

It emphasizes how interconnected environmental and political risks are shaping future global security challenges.

Governing Environmental Risk in an Era of Geopolitical Instability

| (Author listed on page) | World Economic Forum | March 2026

An analysis of how governments and institutions must adapt to manage environmental risks amid rising geopolitical tensions.

It explores policy frameworks and international cooperation needed to address climate-driven instability and cascading global risks.

Climate refugees can't be returned home, says landmark UN human rights ruling

<embed>https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/jan/20/climate-refugees-cant-be-returned-home-says-landmark-un-human-rights-ruling</embed>

It is unlawful for governments to return people to countries where their lives might be threatened by the climate crisis, a landmark ruling by the United Nations human rights committee has found.
The committee heard evidence of overcrowding on the island of South Tarawa, where Teitiota lived, saying that the population there had increased from 1,641 in 1947 to 50,000 in 2010 due to sea level rising leading to other islands becoming uninhabitable, which had led to violence and social tensions.
The message in this case is clear: Pacific Island states don’t need to be underwater before triggering those human rights obligations … I think we will see those cases start to emerge.

Climate migration myths

Nature Climate Change 11/26/2019

Misleading claims about mass migration induced by climate change continue to surface in both academia and policy. This requires a new research agenda on ‘climate mobilities’ that moves beyond simplistic assumptions and more accurately advances knowledge of the nexus between human mobility and climate change.

International migration and climate policy assumes that anthropogenic climate change already is, and will increasingly be, a major driver of mass migration from the Global South to the Global North. The UNFCCC explicitly specifies the need to avert, minimize and address climate displacement1, while the UN Security Council warns of mass climate migration and the subsequent risk of aggravating conflicts2. Although the potential for climate change to disrupt livelihoods and threaten lives is real, these policies reinforce a false narrative that predicts large numbers of ‘climate refugees’. This self-referencing narrative in scientific literature and policy reports has the consequence of entrenching climate migration as a looming security crisis without an empirical scientific basis3.

The Blood-Dimmed Tide

<embed>https://newrepublic.com/article/154953/climate-change-future-global-conflict-nationalism</embed>

The oil industry spent millions to elect and reelect George W. Bush, who, once he took office, promptly scuttled all campaign talk of mitigating global warming. Bush expanded on his father’s legacy, not only censoring climate scientists and skirting the topic in public, but hiring fossil fuel cronies to shape policy decisions across his administrations. Those same cronies then spent millions to elect Donald Trump, who is now following the same playbook of denial, disinformation, and deflection on climate change. As a result of all the well-funded, bad-faith temporizing on the climate crisis, we are now just eleven years away from being locked into 1.5 degrees Celsius of warming by mid-century, according to the United Nations’ Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change—the point where irreversible catastrophe begins.
“They understood that if they could make people doubt whether climate change was a problem, they would sap the energy necessary to take it on,” McKibben said. “They set out to waste everyone’s time, on purpose, and they did.”

Researchers probe the link between climate change and global conflict

<embed>https://thinkprogress.org/reports-climate-change-armed-conflict-global-peace-pentagon-cost/</embed>

The rationale is that as climate change gets worse, it impacts weather and disasters — making hurricanes and wildfires more intense, droughts drier, and rainfall wetter. This in turn can greatly influence economies — impacting crops, livestock, and fisheries — subsequently hindering livelihoods and reinforcing social divides.

Climate as a Risk Factor for Armed Conflict

<embed>https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-019-1300-6</embed>

These experts agree that climate has affected organized armed conflict within countries. However, other drivers, such as low socioeconomic development and low capabilities of the state, are judged to be substantially more influential, and the mechanisms of climate–conflict linkages remain a key uncertainty. Intensifying climate change is estimated to increase future risks of conflict. "The study takes an unorthodox approach: 11 experts in fields related to climate and conflict participated in individual interviews and group discussions about the relationship between those things. They concluded that climate has already influenced between 3% and 20% of armed conflicts over the past century." Think Progress

Causes of Central American Caravans

<embed>https://www.theguardian.com/world/2018/oct/30/migrant-caravan-causes-climate-change-central-america</embed>

While violence and poverty have been cited as the reasons for the exodus, experts say the big picture is that changing climate is forcing farmers off their land – and it’s likely to get worse.

Britians First Climate Refugees

<embed>https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2019/may/18/this-is-a-wake-up-call-the-villagers-who-could-be-britains-first-climate-refugees/</embed>

As sea levels rise, Fairbourne, sandwiched between mountains and the beach, is being returned to the waves. But where will its residents go?

'We're moving to higher ground': America's era of climate mass migration is here

<embed>https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2018/sep/24/americas-era-of-climate-mass-migration-is-here</embed>

By the end of this century, sea level rises alone could displace 13m people. Many states will have to grapple with hordes of residents seeking dry ground. But, as one expert says, ‘No state is unaffected by this’