Misinformation and Media Trust
UK Considers Requiring Social Platforms to Prioritize Trusted News
| Reuters Staff | Reuters | June 22, 2026
Britain is considering rules requiring social-media platforms to make verified public-service and trusted news sources easier to find in feeds and search results.
What Americans Think It Takes to Be a Good News Consumer
| Pew Research Center | Pew Research Center | May 14, 2026
Americans emphasize checking sources, comparing coverage, distinguishing facts from opinions, and remaining open to corrections when consuming news.
UNESCO Strengthens Media and Information Literacy Across Ukraine
| UNESCO | UNESCO | May 13, 2026
UNESCO describes large-scale programs designed to help Ukrainians recognize manipulation, verify information, and resist wartime propaganda.
Health Advice Is All Over Social Media: Here Is How to Vet It
| AP Staff | Associated Press | May 9, 2026
Practical verification strategies include checking professional credentials, looking for scientific evidence, and being cautious about sensational health claims.
Social-Media Scams Caused Billions of Dollars in Reported Losses
| Federal Trade Commission | FTC | April 27, 2026
FTC data show that social platforms have become major channels for investment fraud, shopping scams, romance scams, and impersonation schemes.
Yalda Hakim on the Collapse of “Seeing Is Believing”
| Reuters Staff | Reuters | April 25, 2026
Journalist Yalda Hakim discusses how AI-generated images, voices, and quotations are making professional verification increasingly important.
AI Deepfakes Blur Reality in the 2026 U.S. Midterm Campaigns
| Reuters Staff | Reuters | March 28, 2026
Political campaigns are using realistic AI-generated videos in a lightly regulated environment, raising concerns about deception and declining electoral trust.
Jordan Launches a National Media and Information Literacy Strategy
| UNESCO | UNESCO | March 11, 2026
Jordan’s national strategy seeks to build critical media skills, reduce vulnerability to misinformation, and support responsible digital participation.
State Actors Drive Visual Misinformation About the Iran War
| AP Staff | Associated Press | March 7, 2026
AI-generated videos, recycled footage, and state-linked propaganda networks have made authentic information about the conflict harder to identify.
Harnessing Social Media for Increased Political Engagement
| Brookings Authors | Brookings Institution | March 3, 2026
The analysis considers how African governments can encourage political participation while limiting disinformation, privacy violations, and harmful content.
Global Sports Confront AI-Generated Misinformation
| Reuters Staff | Reuters | January 17, 2026
Fabricated quotations, fake announcements, phishing links, and AI-generated scandals are creating reputational and financial risks throughout professional sports.
Finnish Children Learn Media Literacy Beginning at Age Three
| AP Staff | Associated Press | January 5, 2026
Finland integrates source evaluation, propaganda awareness, and AI literacy into education as part of its national defense against disinformation.
Young Adults and the Future of News
| Pew Research Center | Pew Research Center | December 3, 2025
Younger adults follow traditional news less closely and depend more heavily on social platforms, influencers, and digitally distributed information.
News Influencers Fact Sheet
| Pew Research Center | Pew Research Center | November 4, 2025
The fact sheet examines who follows news influencers, which platforms they use, and how influencer-based news differs from traditional journalism.
How Trust in News and Social-Media Information Has Changed
| Pew Research Center | Pew Research Center | October 29, 2025
Trust in national and local news has declined, while younger adults increasingly place social-media information alongside conventional news sources.
Kenyan Media Leaders Address Misinformation and Online Violence
| UNESCO | UNESCO | October 20, 2025
Kenyan newsroom leaders received training on misinformation, ethical reporting, inclusive policies, and online gender-based violence.
India Proposes Strict Labeling Rules for AI-Generated Content
| Reuters Staff | Reuters | October 22, 2025
Proposed regulations would require clearer labeling of synthetic content to reduce deepfake fraud and misleading AI-generated media.
Social Media and News Fact Sheet
| Pew Research Center | Pew Research Center | September 25, 2025
The report tracks how many Americans receive news through social networks and how platform use varies by age and political affiliation.
The Morning Show Uses Drama to Examine Deepfakes and AI
| Reuters Staff | Reuters | September 16, 2025
The television series explores impersonation, synthetic media, propaganda, and the threat AI poses to journalism and personal identity.
Impersonation Scams Are Producing Devastating Losses for Older Adults
| Federal Trade Commission | FTC | August 7, 2025
Scammers impersonating government agencies and trusted businesses are convincing older adults to transfer large amounts of money.
UNESCO Launches a Course to Counter Climate Disinformation
| UNESCO | UNESCO | July 25, 2025
The course teaches media-literacy skills for evaluating climate claims, recognizing manipulation, and locating credible scientific information.
UN Calls for Stronger Detection of AI-Generated Deepfakes
| Reuters Staff | Reuters | July 11, 2025
The International Telecommunication Union recommends authentication standards and verification tools for detecting manipulated images, audio, and video.
Denmark Moves to Protect People From Deepfake Impersonation
| AP Staff | Associated Press | June 27, 2025
Denmark proposed broad legal protections against unauthorized digital imitations of a person’s face, body, and voice.
The Limits of Digital Provenance as a Misinformation Solution
| RAND Authors | RAND Corporation | June 4, 2025
Content credentials can support authentication, but missing metadata and incomplete adoption prevent provenance systems from becoming a complete solution.
Media Literacy Can Curb Online Harm in South Sudan
| UNESCO | UNESCO | June 4, 2025
Media literacy can help communities recognize false claims, reduce hate speech, and participate more safely in digital spaces.
Republicans Became More Trusting of News and Social Media
| Pew Research Center | Pew Research Center | May 8, 2025
Survey findings document changing partisan attitudes toward information from national news organizations, local outlets, and social platforms.
Global Concern About Made-Up News
| Pew Research Center | Pew Research Center | April 24, 2025
Majorities across many countries regard fabricated news as a serious national problem and a threat to informed public participation.
Support Declines for Restricting False or Violent Online Content
| Pew Research Center | Pew Research Center | April 14, 2025
Americans remain divided over whether governments and technology companies should restrict false information when regulation may limit free expression.
Media and Information Literacy and Digital Competencies
| UNESCO | UNESCO | April 12, 2025
UNESCO explains how critical thinking, digital skills, and ethical awareness help people distinguish reliable information from manipulation.
Reported U.S. Fraud Losses Reached $12.5 Billion in 2024
| Federal Trade Commission | FTC | March 10, 2025
Investment scams, impersonation, deceptive employment offers, and digitally distributed fraud caused record reported consumer losses.
Russian-Linked Bots Spread Fear Before Germany’s Election
| Reuters Staff | Reuters | February 12, 2025
Researchers identified coordinated networks spreading fabricated terrorist warnings and political rumors intended to weaken public confidence.
Democracy Playbook 2025
| Brookings Authors | Brookings Institution | January 17, 2025
The playbook identifies disinformation, authoritarian propaganda, platform manipulation, and AI-generated content as threats to democratic resilience.
A Judge Rejects an Expert Filing Containing AI-Generated Citations
| Reuters Staff | Reuters | January 13, 2025
A legal filing about misinformation was undermined when its own expert declaration included citations apparently invented by artificial intelligence.
Brazilian Leaders Condemn Meta’s Fact-Checking Changes
| Reuters Staff | Reuters | January 9, 2025
Brazilian officials raised concerns that reducing professional fact-checking could weaken safeguards against misinformation and political violence.
WHO Reviews Its Fight Against Health Misinformation
| World Health Organization | WHO | December 23, 2024
WHO warns that health misinformation undermines trust in vaccines, science, public-health agencies, and evidence-based emergency responses.
Norwegian Press Association Comments on Information Integrity
| Norwegian Press Association | OECD | November 28, 2024
The submission argues that transparency, independent journalism, and sustainable news funding are essential to building public resilience against disinformation.
America’s News Influencers
| Pew Research Center | Pew Research Center | November 18, 2024
About one-fifth of American adults regularly receive news from social-media personalities, with the practice especially common among younger people.
Americans’ Experiences With Social-Media News Influencers
| Pew Research Center | Pew Research Center | November 18, 2024
Many followers view influencer news as useful and distinctive, although algorithmic feeds may expose users to personalities they never deliberately selected.
How Disinformation Defined the 2024 Election Narrative
| Darrell M. West | Brookings Institution | November 7, 2024
False narratives shaped perceptions of candidates, government performance, immigration, public health, and the integrity of the election.
British Police Reduce Their Use of X Over Harmful Content
| Reuters Staff | Reuters | October 11, 2024
Several British police forces reduced activity on X amid concerns about extremist material, disinformation, and declining value for public communication.
How Artificial Intelligence and Disinformation Affect Elections
| Brookings Authors | Brookings Institution | October 10, 2024
Experts discuss how generative AI can increase the volume, speed, personalization, and apparent credibility of election misinformation.
AI Memes Turn Election Disinformation Into Shareable Satire
| Nicol Turner Lee and Samantha Lai | Brookings Institution | October 3, 2024
AI-generated memes can blur the distinction between parody and deception while spreading political narratives to large online audiences.
FTC Cracks Down on Deceptive AI Claims and Schemes
| Federal Trade Commission | FTC | September 25, 2024
Enforcement actions targeted fake reviews, misleading AI services, automated deception, and unsupported claims about AI-powered business opportunities.
A Citizen’s Guide to Disinformation
| Brookings Institution | Brookings Institution | September 3, 2024
The discussion examines why false information spreads, how it damages society, and what individuals and institutions can do in response.
FTC Bans Fake Reviews and Testimonials
| Federal Trade Commission | FTC | August 14, 2024
The rule prohibits businesses from creating, buying, or selling fabricated reviews, including reviews generated by artificial intelligence.
Are Concerns About Digital Disinformation and Elections Overblown?
| Brookings Authors | Brookings Institution | August 7, 2024
Researchers caution against assuming that every online influence operation changes election outcomes, while recognizing broader damage to institutional trust.
Race, Falsehoods, and Organized Political Disinformation
| Darrell M. West | Brookings Institution | July 30, 2024
Racial division, misleading political claims, and targeted disinformation remain powerful tools for mobilizing voters and undermining social trust.
The Twin Crises of Despair and Misinformation
| Carol Graham | Brookings Institution | July 22, 2024
Communities facing social isolation, economic insecurity, declining local journalism, and poor health may be especially vulnerable to conspiratorial narratives.
TikTok, Foreign Influence, and Foreign Interference
| Brookings Authors | Brookings Institution | June 24, 2024
The analysis distinguishes ordinary foreign influence from covert or coercive interference involving disinformation, harassment, and manipulation.
How Americans Get News on TikTok, X, Facebook, and Instagram
| Pew Research Center | Pew Research Center | June 12, 2024
Users frequently encounter news that appears inaccurate, particularly on X and Facebook, while relying on algorithms for much of their exposure.
Teaching Children to Navigate Social Media Safely
| AP Staff | Associated Press | June 5, 2024
Experts recommend gradual, supervised introductions to social media rather than leaving children unprepared or relying entirely on prohibition.
News Organizations Face Major Trust Problems Before an Election
| David Bauder | Associated Press | May 1, 2024
Americans express concern about inaccurate reporting, unverified claims, bias, and the use of generative AI in election journalism.
Media Habits and Misinformation Susceptibility Among Older Adults
| RAND Corporation | RAND Corporation | February 28, 2024
Older adults report high concern about misinformation but comparatively little concern that they themselves could be deceived.
What Lawmakers Are Doing About Deepfakes
| AP Staff | Associated Press | February 2, 2024
States and federal lawmakers are considering criminal penalties, civil remedies, watermarking, detection systems, and rights over personal likenesses.
Social-Media CEOs Testify About Child Exploitation and Safety
| AP Staff | Associated Press | January 31, 2024
Executives from major platforms faced questions about exploitation, addictive design, harmful recommendations, and protections for children.
Americans’ Social-Media Use
| Pew Research Center | Pew Research Center | January 31, 2024
Despite continuing concerns about misinformation, privacy, and platform governance, most American adults use multiple social networks.
AI, TikTok, and the Liar’s Dividend in Elections
| Brookings Authors | Brookings Institution | January 22, 2024
Synthetic media creates direct deception risks while also allowing public figures to dismiss authentic evidence by claiming that it was fabricated.
Many Americans Value Social-Media News but Fear Inaccuracy
| Pew Research Center | Pew Research Center | February 7, 2024
Social-media news is convenient and immediate, but concerns about unverified facts, fake stories, and unreliable sources have increased.
Facts Not Fakes: Strengthening Information Integrity
The report recommends transparent government communication, independent media, research access, platform accountability, and public resilience measures.
Digital Conspiracy Theories and the Collapse of Shared Reality
| David Klepper | Associated Press | December 15, 2023
Conspiracy theories amplified by social media can fracture communities, encourage political extremism, and leave people uncertain about basic facts.
How Technology Platforms Fuel Political Polarization
| Chris Bail | Brookings Institution | September 27, 2021
Engagement-driven recommendation systems can reinforce political divisions by repeatedly exposing users to emotionally provocative and one-sided content.
Media Literacy Is a First Line of Defense Against Disinformation
| UNESCO | UNESCO | October 28, 2020
UNESCO argues that citizens need the ability to evaluate sources, identify manipulation, and understand how professional journalism verifies information.
The Future of Truth and Misinformation Online
| Janna Anderson and Lee Rainie | Pew Research Center | October 19, 2017
Experts disagree about whether technology will eventually reduce falsehoods or make manipulation more sophisticated and difficult to control.
Media and Information Literacy
UNESCO provides programs, educational materials, and policy guidance for navigating digital media, countering hate, and evaluating information critically.
Disinformation and Misinformation
OECD resources examine information integrity, government communication, independent journalism, platform governance, and democratic resilience.
Misinformation Research
| Pew Research Center | Pew Research Center | Undated
This research collection covers misinformation, content moderation, public attitudes, fact-checking, and Americans’ ability to evaluate information.
Facts and Fact-Checking Research
| Pew Research Center | Pew Research Center | Undated
Studies explore how people distinguish factual statements from opinions and how partisan identity influences perceptions of truth.
Trust in Media Research
| Pew Research Center | Pew Research Center | Undated
Pew tracks changing levels of trust in national news, local journalism, social media, and specific information providers.
News Habits and Media Research
| Pew Research Center | Pew Research Center | Undated
The collection examines how audiences discover news, which platforms they use, and how trust differs across generations and political groups.
How Misinformation Spreads on Social Media
| Brookings Authors | Brookings Institution | Undated
A small group of highly active accounts can produce and distribute a disproportionate share of misleading political information.
Misinformation Is Eroding Confidence in Democracy
| Elaine Kamarck and Darrell M. West | Brookings Institution | July 26, 2022
Organized falsehoods create confusion, weaken confidence in elections, and make constructive democratic debate more difficult.
Data Misuse, Disinformation, and Elections
| Nicol Turner Lee and Samantha Lai | Brookings Institution | June 21, 2022
Personal data, algorithmic targeting, and information overload allow misleading political messages to reach susceptible groups with precision.
Managing the Infodemic
| World Health Organization | WHO | Undated
WHO recommends checking sources, reading beyond headlines, verifying images, identifying authors, and pausing before sharing health claims.
Health Literacy
| World Health Organization | WHO | December 22, 2025
Health literacy includes the ability to find, understand, evaluate, and use trustworthy information when making personal and community health decisions.
Protecting Elections From Rumors and Disinformation
| Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency | CISA | Undated
CISA explains the differences among misinformation, disinformation, and malinformation and how each can threaten public confidence.
Election Security Rumor Control
| Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency | CISA | Undated
The resource counters recurring false claims about voting systems, ballot processing, election technology, and the certification of results.
Recognizing Foreign Influence Operations
| Federal Bureau of Investigation | FBI | Undated
Foreign influence campaigns use fabricated personas, covert funding, cyberattacks, and misleading content to manipulate public opinion.
Malign Foreign Influence Threats
| Office of the Director of National Intelligence | ODNI | Undated
Intelligence officials describe how foreign governments combine propaganda, social media, cyber operations, and covert relationships to influence society.
How to Recognize and Report Internet Scams
| Federal Trade Commission | FTC | Undated
The FTC provides guidance for recognizing impersonation, investment, shopping, romance, employment, and technology-support scams.
How to Avoid a Government Impersonation Scam
| Federal Trade Commission | FTC | Undated
Real government agencies generally do not demand immediate payment through cryptocurrency, gift cards, cash couriers, or payment applications.
How to Recognize Phishing
| Federal Trade Commission | FTC | Undated
Phishing messages create urgency, imitate familiar organizations, and direct users toward malicious links designed to steal credentials or money.
Protecting Personal Information Online
| Federal Trade Commission | FTC | Undated
Privacy settings, strong authentication, limited sharing, software updates, and careful account management reduce vulnerability to digital exploitation.
Avoiding Social-Media Scams
| Federal Trade Commission | FTC | October 6, 2023
Scammers use targeted advertisements, hacked accounts, fake relationships, and fraudulent investments to exploit social-media users.
Deepfakes and Synthetic Media
| Government Accountability Office | GAO | February 20, 2020
The assessment examines deepfake production, detection technology, potential benefits, and risks involving fraud, national security, and public trust.
Artificial Intelligence and Election Security
| U.S. Election Assistance Commission | EAC | Undated
Election officials receive guidance about AI-generated content, cybersecurity, voter communication, and maintaining confidence in election administration.
Digital Safety and Online Security
| Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency | CISA | Undated
CISA recommends strong passwords, multifactor authentication, software updates, and careful recognition of phishing attempts.
Secure Our World: Recognize and Report Phishing
| Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency | CISA | Undated
Users should examine unexpected messages carefully, avoid suspicious links, and verify requests through independent contact methods.
Secure Our World: Use Strong Passwords
| Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency | CISA | Undated
Long, unique passwords and reputable password managers reduce the damage caused by stolen or reused account credentials.
Secure Our World: Turn On Multifactor Authentication
| Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency | CISA | Undated
Multifactor authentication provides an additional barrier when criminals obtain or guess a user’s password.
Secure Our World: Update Software
| Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency | CISA | Undated
Prompt software updates close security vulnerabilities that criminals can exploit to compromise devices and accounts.
Media Bias and Fact-Checking Tools
| Cornell University Library | Cornell University | Undated
The guide explains lateral reading, source investigation, evidence checking, and methods for distinguishing reporting from advertising or propaganda.
Evaluating Digital Sources
| Stanford Libraries | Stanford University | Undated
Stanford’s materials encourage readers to leave unfamiliar websites, investigate publishers, and compare claims with independent authoritative sources.
Civic Online Reasoning
| Digital Inquiry Group | Digital Inquiry Group | Undated
Free lessons teach students to investigate sources, find better coverage, and trace claims, images, and quotations to their original context.
News Literacy Project
| News Literacy Project | News Literacy Project | Undated
Educational programs help students and adults recognize credible journalism, manipulated content, conspiracies, and emotionally provocative misinformation.
Checkology Virtual Classroom
| News Literacy Project | News Literacy Project | Undated
The interactive platform teaches source evaluation, news judgment, algorithm awareness, and techniques for identifying fabricated material.
MediaWise
| Poynter Institute | Poynter Institute | Undated
MediaWise produces digital-literacy training and fact-checking resources designed for young people, older adults, and first-time voters.
International Fact-Checking Network
| Poynter Institute | Poynter Institute | Undated
The network promotes transparency, nonpartisanship, methodological standards, and accountability among professional fact-checking organizations.
AP Fact Check
| Associated Press | Associated Press | Undated
AP journalists investigate viral claims, manipulated images, misleading political statements, and fabricated stories circulating online.
Reuters Fact Check
| Reuters Fact Check Team | Reuters | Undated
Reuters verifies disputed photographs, videos, quotations, political claims, and social-media narratives using documentary and visual evidence.
PolitiFact
| PolitiFact Staff | PolitiFact | Undated
PolitiFact evaluates statements by politicians, organizations, and social-media users and provides evidence supporting each rating.
FactCheck.org
| Annenberg Public Policy Center | FactCheck.org | Undated
The organization checks political advertisements, speeches, debates, interviews, and viral claims using public records and expert evidence.
Snopes
| Snopes Staff | Snopes | Undated
Snopes investigates urban legends, altered photographs, fabricated quotations, online rumors, scams, and political misinformation.
Google Fact Check Explorer
Users can search for published fact checks concerning a person, statement, photograph, event, or recurring online claim.
InVID Verification Plugin
| InVID Project | InVID | Undated
The browser tool helps journalists examine video keyframes, conduct reverse-image searches, inspect metadata, and detect visual manipulation.
Content Authenticity Initiative
| Content Authenticity Initiative | CAI | Undated
The initiative promotes open systems for documenting when and how digital photographs and other media were created or edited.
Coalition for Content Provenance and Authenticity
C2PA develops technical standards for attaching tamper-evident provenance information to images, video, audio, and documents.
Partnership on AI: Responsible Practices for Synthetic Media
| Partnership on AI | Partnership on AI | Undated
The framework recommends disclosure, consent, safety testing, transparency, and responsible distribution of AI-generated media.
Global Risks Report: Misinformation and Disinformation
| World Economic Forum | World Economic Forum | January 10, 2024
The report identifies misinformation and disinformation as major short-term threats to political stability, social cohesion, and public confidence.
Information Manipulation and Interference
| European External Action Service | European Union | Undated
The European Union documents foreign information manipulation and develops coordinated responses involving research, diplomacy, and public awareness.
European Digital Media Observatory
| European Digital Media Observatory | EDMO | Undated
EDMO connects researchers, journalists, fact-checkers, and media-literacy specialists studying misinformation across Europe.
EU Code of Practice on Disinformation
| European Commission | European Commission | Undated
The code establishes commitments involving advertising transparency, fake accounts, researcher access, fact-checking, and platform risk mitigation.
Digital Services Act and Platform Accountability
| European Commission | European Commission | Undated
The Digital Services Act requires large online platforms to assess systemic risks involving illegal content, manipulation, and public safety.
UN Global Principles for Information Integrity
| United Nations | United Nations | June 24, 2024
The principles call for societal trust, independent media, healthy incentives, public empowerment, transparency, and stronger information resilience.
Information Integrity on Digital Platforms
| United Nations | United Nations | Undated
United Nations resources address hate speech, disinformation, harassment, platform governance, and the protection of a shared factual environment.
Media and Information Literacy for Combating Digital Hate
The resource explains how education can help users recognize dehumanizing narratives, manipulative messaging, and online hate campaigns.
Journalism, Fake News and Disinformation Handbook
This journalism handbook provides lessons on verification, social-media investigation, fact-checking, audience trust, and responses to information disorder.
UNESCO Guidelines for Digital Platform Governance
| UNESCO | UNESCO | November 2023
The guidelines call for human-rights-based platform governance, transparency, accountability, independent oversight, and accessible complaint systems.
Internet for Trust
UNESCO’s initiative seeks to protect freedom of expression while addressing misinformation, hate speech, harassment, and other digital harms.
Center for an Informed Public
| University of Washington | Center for an Informed Public | Undated
Researchers study rumors, election misinformation, crisis communication, online communities, and methods for improving public understanding.
Stanford Internet Observatory Research Archive
| Stanford University | Stanford Internet Observatory | Undated
Research addresses coordinated influence campaigns, platform manipulation, election integrity, online abuse, and emerging technology threats.
RAND Truth Decay Initiative
| RAND Corporation | RAND Corporation | Undated
Truth Decay describes growing disagreement about facts, blurred boundaries between opinion and evidence, and declining trust in institutions.
Shorenstein Center on Media, Politics and Public Policy
| Harvard Kennedy School | Harvard University | Undated
The center studies journalism, political communication, platform power, misinformation, media economics, and the health of democratic discourse.
Reuters Institute Digital News Report
| Reuters Institute | University of Oxford | 2025
The annual report examines news avoidance, platform use, audience trust, misinformation concerns, subscriptions, video news, and generational change.
Trusting News Project
| Trusting News | Trusting News | Undated
The project helps newsrooms explain journalistic methods, disclose sourcing decisions, engage communities, and respond directly to public mistrust.
First Draft Essential Guides
| First Draft | First Draft | Undated
The archived guides explain verification, information disorder, closed messaging applications, visual misinformation, and responsible reporting practices.
Digital Safety Resources for Journalists
| Committee to Protect Journalists | CPJ | Undated
The safety kit covers account security, phishing, device protection, online harassment, surveillance, source confidentiality, and emergency preparation.
Online Harassment Field Manual
| PEN America | PEN America | Undated
The manual provides practical guidance for documenting abuse, protecting accounts, supporting targets, and responding to coordinated harassment campaigns.
Digital Security Helpline
| Access Now | Access Now | Undated
The helpline assists civil-society organizations, journalists, activists, and human-rights defenders facing hacking, account compromise, and digital threats.
Security in a Box
| Front Line Defenders and Tactical Tech | Security in a Box | Undated
The resource provides accessible guidance on passwords, encrypted communication, device security, malware, backups, and safer online behavior.
Surveillance Self-Defense
| Electronic Frontier Foundation | EFF | Undated
EFF explains threat modeling, secure messaging, password protection, phishing defense, metadata, device encryption, and online privacy.
Consumer Advice on Identity Theft
| Federal Trade Commission | FTC | Undated
The federal recovery service helps victims report identity theft, create a personal recovery plan, and protect compromised accounts.
ReportFraud.ftc.gov
| Federal Trade Commission | FTC | Undated
Consumers can report scams, deceptive businesses, impersonation attempts, and fraudulent digital activity to federal authorities.
FBI Internet Crime Complaint Center
| Federal Bureau of Investigation | FBI | Undated
IC3 receives reports involving online fraud, ransomware, impersonation, account compromise, investment scams, and other internet-enabled crimes.
