Aerobic Exercise
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Aerobic Exercise can lower risk of Breast Cancer
Is Aerobic Exercise The Right Prescription For Staving Off Alzheimer's?
"We are testing if exercise is medicine for people with a mild memory problem," says Laura Baker, principal investigator of the nationwide EXERT study and associate director of the Alzheimer's Disease Research Center at Wake Forest School of Medicine.
There's even more evidence that one type of exercise is the closest thing to a miracle drug that we have
There's even more evidence that cardio exercise is the closest thing to a miracle drug that we have
by Erin Brodwin BUSINESS INSIDER
Aerobic Exercise Improves Ability to Burn Fat
All cellular activity is fueled by adenosine triphosphate, or ATP, which resides in each of your cells. When you sprint for a cab, run to a base in softball, play tag with your kids or start to exercise at high intensity, you use ATP's small supply of stored energy.
=====Aerobic exercise as breast cancer prevention: Evidence mounts] by Melissa Healy 7/5/13 Los Angeles Times
There's a fair amount of circumstantial evidence that regular exercise reduces a woman's risk of developing breast cancer]
Regular aerobic exercise may slow progression to Alzheimer’s for those most at risk
“This is the first randomized and controlled trial … to assess effects of exercise on brain structure, function and amyloid burden in older adults who have memory problems, thus, high risks of Alzheimer’s disease,” said lead author Rong Zhang, a neurology professor at UT Southwestern Medical Center.
Want to study better? Just two minutes of exercise beforehand could help
Researchers from Jönköping University in Sweden analyzed a range of 13 studies into the effects of exercise on people aged 18-35 conducted by scientists between 2009 and 2019.
Aerobic exercise eases depression, even in chronically ill
by Lisa Rapaport 6/3/19 reuters
Patients with long-term medical issues are two to three times more likely to develop depression than the general population, researchers noted in the British Journal of Sports Medicine, online February 6. When these patients do become depressed, their chronic illnesses often worsen and their risk of dying goes up.
Hearts Get 'Younger,' Even At Middle Age, With Exercise
by Patti Neighmond 12/3/18 npr
Eventually it happens to everyone. As we age, even if we're healthy, the heart becomes less flexible, more stiff and just isn't as efficient in processing oxygen as it used to be. In most people the first signs show up in the 50s or early 60s. And among people who don't exercise, the underlying changes can start even sooner.
The best and worst sugars to eat before your workout
Many experts tout sugar as public health enemy number one. Considering eating too much of it can lead to obesity, heart disease and diabetes, the title does make sense. Also because most people overconsume it.
11 minutes of daily exercise could have a positive impact on your health, large study shows
When you can’t fit your entire workout into a busy day, do you think there’s no point in doing anything at all? You should rethink that mindset. Just 11 minutes of moderate-to-vigorous intensity aerobic activity per day could lower your risk of cancer, cardiovascular disease or premature death, a large new study has found.
Look to exercise to extend life, even for the oldest, study says
by Sandee LaMotte 17/10/22 CNN
That would be a mistake, a new study found. Independent of aerobic physical activity, adults over 65 who did strength training two to six times per week lived longer than those who did less than two, according to study author Dr. Bryant Webber, an epidemiologist in the Division of Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Obesity at the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
Being aerobically fit in middle age may reduce Alzheimer’s and dementia risk, study says
by Sandee LaMotte 19/11/24 CNN
“Our study underscores the critical role of cardiovascular fitness in reducing dementia risk, even for those genetically predisposed to Alzheimer’s disease,” said Weili Xu, a professor in the Aging Research Center at Karolinska Institute in Stockholm.
Aerobic exercise can increase brain size, keeping you mentally sharp
by Eryn Brown 31/1/11 Los Angeles Times
Another reason to follow through with that New Year's resolution: Aerobics exercise keeps the aging brain- in fighting form]
Walk A Little Faster To Get The Most Out of Your Exercise Time
by Katherine Hobson 2/3/15 npr
Some people — who are they? — have no problem fitting regular aerobic exercise into their lives. The rest of us want to know how much we have to exercise to see health benefits. Now we have some answers: You may want to go just a tad longer and harder than you'd thought.
Even A Little Exercise Can Help Your Heart
Plus, let's be honest, having the federal government tell us it's a terrific idea to get 2 1/2 hours of moderate-intensity aerobic activity a week doesn't really help our motivation much. Sorry.
Middle-aged can reverse heart risk with exercise, study suggests
People into late middle age can reverse or reduce the risk of heart failure caused by decades of sedentary living by exercising, a study has found.
Exercise 'keeps the mind sharp' in over-50s, study finds
Physical activity has long been known to reduce the risk of a number of diseases, including type-2 diabetes and some cancers, and it is thought to play a role in warding off the brain's natural decline as we enter middle age.
New Physical Activity Guidelines Urge Americans: Move More, Sit Less
by Allison Aubrey 12/11/18 npr
Compared with 1960, workers in the U.S. burn about 140 fewer calories, on average, per day due to our sedentary office jobs. And, while it's true that sitting for prolonged periods is bad for your health, the good news is that we can offset the damage by adding more physical activity to our days.
This is how much physical activity we all need to stay healthy
by Sam Bridgeworth 3/12/20 WORLD ECONOMIC FORUM
With people across the world spending more of their time at home than usual this year, the WHO reminds us that exercise has become even more important for physical and mental wellbeing.
Aerobic exercise helpful for asthma
by Lisa Rapaport 17/7/15 Reuters
While it’s not surprising that asthma patients may benefit from aerobic exercise, the findings offer new evidence that physical activity can help even in patients who are already controlling symptoms with medication, said lead author Dr. Celso Carvalho, a researcher at the University of Sao Paulo School of Medicine in Brazil.
Aerobic Exercise and Weight Loss in Adults
This meta-analyses of 116 randomized clinical trials involving 6880 adults with overweight or obesity found that levels of body weight, waist circumference, and body fat decreased linearly or monotonically with increasing duration of aerobic exercise at moderate to vigorous intensities to 300 minutes per week. Aerobic exercise at least 150 minutes per week was associated with clinically important reductions in waist circumference and measures of body fat.
Effect of aerobic exercise on hippocampal volume in humans: A systematic review and meta-analysis
by Joseph Firth 1/2/18 ScienceDirect
Hippocampal volume increase in response to aerobic exercise has been consistently observed in animal models. However, the evidence from human studies is equivocal. We undertook a systematic review to identify all controlled trials examining the effect of aerobic exercise on the hippocampal volumes in humans, and applied meta-analytic techniques to determine if aerobic exercise resulted in volumetric increases.
MAP training: combining meditation and aerobic exercise reduces depression and rumination while enhancing synchronized brain activity
Mental and physical (MAP) training is a novel clinical intervention that combines mental training through meditation and physical training through aerobic exercise. The intervention was translated from neuroscientific studies indicating that MAP training increases neurogenesis in the adult brain.
Dose-Response of Aerobic Exercise on Cognition: A Community-Based, Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial
by Eric D. Vidoni 9/7/15 PLOS One
Epidemiological studies suggest a dose-response relationship exists between physical activity and cognitive outcomes. However, no direct data from randomized trials exists to support these indirect observations.
Aerobic interval training and continuous training equally improve aerobic exercise capacity in patients with coronary artery disease: The SAINTEX-CAD study
by Viviane M. Conraads 20/1/15 ScienceDirect
Exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation increases peak oxygen uptake (peak VO2), which is an important predictor of mortality in cardiac patients. However, it remains unclear which exercise characteristics are most effective for improving peak VO2 in coronary artery disease (CAD) patients.
White matter plasticity in healthy older adults: The effects of aerobic exercise
by Andrea Mendez Colmenares 1/10/21 ScienceDirect
White matter deterioration is associated with cognitive impairment in healthy aging and Alzheimer's disease. It is critical to identify interventions that can slow down white matter deterioration. So far, clinical trials have failed to demonstrate the benefits of aerobic exercise on the adult white matter using diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Here, we report the effects of a 6-month aerobic walking and dance interventions (clinical trial NCT01472744) on white matter integrity in healthy older adults (n = 180, 60–79 years) measured by changes in the ratio of calibrated T1- to T2-weighted images (T1w/T2w).
Eight weeks of aerobic exercise, but not four, improves insulin sensitivity and cardiovascular performance in young women
by Maha Sellami 15/1/25 Scientific reports
Regular aerobic exercise has a significant impact on glucose metabolism and lipid profiles, contributing to overall health improvement. However, evidence for optimal exercise duration to achieve these effects is limited.
Acute aerobic exercise modulates cognition and cortical excitability in adults with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and healthy controls
by Hsiao-I Kuo 10/24 ScienceDirect
Evidence suggests aerobic exercise has beneficial effects on cognitive performance in adults with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The underlying mechanisms might depend on mechanisms of exercise-mediated brain physiology. The study aims to investigate the effects of acute aerobic exercise on cortical excitability and cognitive performance, and the correlation between these phenomena in adults with ADHD.
Effect of Tai Chi vs Aerobic Exercise on Blood Pressure in Patients With Prehypertension
Prehypertension increases the risk of developing hypertension and other cardiovascular diseases. Early and effective intervention for patients with prehypertension is highly important.
An open data for imaging acute aerobic exercise effects on brain and mind in emerging adulthood
by Li-Kun Ge 23/12/24 scientific data
How emerging adulthood, a period particularly susceptible to the onset of mental disorders, responds to acute aerobic exercise effects on mood and brain remains an open question. A challenge in addressing this question is the scarcity of open data derived from scientific intervention paradigms.
Effect of Aerobic Exercise Training on Serum Levels of High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol
by Satoru Kodama 28/5/07 JAMA Internal Medicine
Twenty-five articles were included. Mean net change in HDL-C level was statistically significant but modest (2.53 mg/dL [0.065 mmol/L]; P<.001). Minimal weekly exercise volume for increasing HDL-C level was estimated to be 900 kcal of energy expenditure per week or 120 minutes of exercise per week. Univariate regression analysis indicated that every 10-minute prolongation of exercise per session was associated with an approximately 1.4-mg/dL (0.036-mmol/L) increase in HDL-C level. I
Nitric oxide, aging and aerobic exercise: Sedentary individuals to Master's athletes
by Oliver M. Shannon 1/8/22 ScienceDirect
Aging is associated with a decline in physiological function and exercise performance. These effects are mediated, at least in part, by an age-related decrease in the bioavailability of nitric oxide (NO), a ubiquitous gasotransmitter and regulator of myriad physiological processes. The decrease in NO bioavailability with aging is especially apparent in sedentary individuals, whereas older, physically active individuals maintain higher levels of NO with advancing age.
Effects of physical activity on children’s executive function: Contributions of experimental research on aerobic exercise
by John R. Best 12/10 ScienceDirect
Executive function refers to the cognitive processes necessary for goal-directed cognition and behavior, which develop across childhood and adolescence. Recent experimental research indicates that both acute and chronic aerobic exercise promote children’s executive function. Furthermore, there is tentative evidence that not all forms of aerobic exercise benefit executive function equally: Cognitively-engaging exercise appears to have a stronger effect than non-engaging exercise on children’s executive function.
=====The effect of regular aerobic exercise on positive-activated affect: A meta-analysis Author links open overlay panel===== by Justy Reed 11/09 ScienceDirect
Studies were coded for the following moderators: baseline affect, exercise frequency, intensity, time, program duration, exercise dose, study quality, and study source. The analysis employed multiple measures of affect and corrected for statistical artifacts using the meta-analytical methods of Hunter and Schmidt, 1990, Hunter and Schmidt, 2004.
Regular aerobic exercise increases dispositional mindfulness in men: A randomized controlled trial
by Hendrik Mothes 6/14 ScienceDirect
Dispositional mindfulness is a construct described as the propensity to be aware of one's actions in everyday life. Although high dispositional mindfulness has been demonstrated to be beneficial for improved mental and physical health, little is known about ways to improve dispositional mindfulness for individuals not practicing meditation or mindful exercises.
Earlier time to aerobic exercise is associated with faster recovery following acute sport concussion
by David Wyndham Lawrence 18/4/18 PLOS One
A total of 253 acute concussions [median (IQR) age, 17.0 (15.0–20.0) years; 148 (58.5%) males] were included in this study. Multivariate Cox regression models identified that earlier time to aerobic exercise was associated with faster return to sport and school/work adjusting for other covariates, including quintile propensity strata. For each successive day in delay to initiation of aerobic exercise, individuals had a less favourable recovery trajectory. Initiating aerobic exercise at 3 and 7 days following injury was associated with a respective 36.5% (HR, 0.63; 95% CI, 0.53–0.76) and 73.2% (HR, 0.27; 95% CI, 0.16–0.45) reduced probability of faster full return to sport compared to within 1 day; and a respective 45.9% (HR, 0.54; 95% CI, 0.44–0.66) and 83.1% (HR, 0.17; 95% CI, 0.10–0.30) reduced probability of faster full return to school/work. Additionally, concussion history, symptom severity, LOC deleteriously influenced concussion recovery.
Effectiveness of Aerobic Exercise and Tai Chi Interventions on Sleep Quality in Patients With Advanced Lung Cancer
by Naomi Takemura 7/12/23 JAMA Oncology
Does aerobic exercise or tai chi—physical activity of different modalities and intensities—improve sleep quality, physical and psychological symptoms, and survival in patients with advanced lung cancer?
Effect of alternate day fasting combined with aerobic exercise on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A randomized controlled trial
by Mark Ezpeleta 32/1/23 ScienceDirect
Innovative non-pharmacological lifestyle strategies to treat non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) are critically needed. This study compared the effects of alternate day fasting (ADF) combined with exercise to fasting alone, or exercise alone, on intrahepatic triglyceride (IHTG) content.
Aerobic exercise increases irisin serum levels and improves depression and fatigue in patients with relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis: A randomized controlled trial
by Furkan Bilek 5/22 ScienceDirect
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic progressive neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system. Although there is increasing evidence that aerobic exercise has a positive effect on both cognitive and psychological functioning, there is limited evidence for Relapsing-Remitting MS (RRMS) patients.
by Sasha Gorrell 5/22 ScienceDirect
Endurance or aerobic exercise has many physical and mental health benefits, but less is known about the specific impact that cardiovascular activity may have on dopamine-associated brain circuits involved in reward processing and mood regulation in humans. Understanding such effects will help to explain individual differences in both exercise uptake and maintenance.
Effects of aerobic exercise on anxiety sensitivity
by Joshua J Broman-Fulks 2/2004 ScienceDirect
Anxiety sensitivity is a known precursor to panic attacks and panic disorder, and involves the misinterpretation of anxiety-related sensations. Aerobic exercise has been shown to reduce generalized anxiety, and may also reduce anxiety sensitivity through exposure to feared physiological sensations.
Aerobic exercise improves clearance of amyloid-β via the glymphatic system in a mouse model of Alzheimer's Disease
by Shengxiang Liang 3/25 ScienceDirect
Aerobic exercise training can promote the recovery of learning and memory ability in Alzheimer's disease (AD), but the specific mechanism is still unclear. Previous studies have suggested that aquaporin-4 (AQP4)-mediated glymphatic system is an important way to clear β-amyloid (Aβ) in the brain, which is closely related to learning and memory impairment in AD.
Effects of a High vs Moderate Volume of Aerobic Exercise on Adiposity Outcomes in Postmenopausal Women
The Breast Cancer and Exercise Trial in Alberta was a 12-month, 2-armed, 2-center randomized dose-comparison trial conducted from June 2010 through June 2013. Participants were 400 inactive postmenopausal women with body mass index 22 to 40, disease-free, nonsmokers, and nonusers of exogenous hormones.
Moderate-to-vigorous and light-intensity aerobic exercise yield similar effects on food reward, appetitive responses, and energy intake in physically inactive adults
by Shu-Shih Hsieh 28/2/25 nature
Twenty inactive, healthy adults (mean age: 21 ± 3 years) completed two trials (i.e. moderate-to-vigorous and light-intensity exercise) in a randomised, crossover design. Participants performed a 40-min cycling bout at either 50% or 20% peak power output in a counterbalanced order. Before and after exercise bouts, liking and wanting for fat and sweet/savoury categories of food were assessed by the Leeds Food Preference Questionnaire, along with subjective ratings of appetite and state food cravings. EI was evaluated by ad libitum meals following exercise bouts.
Aging, aerobic exercise, and cardiovascular health: Barriers, alternative strategies and future directions
by Kevin O. Murray 3/23 ScienceDirect
Age-associated cardiovascular (CV) dysfunction, namely arterial dysfunction, is a key antecedent to the development of CV disease (CVD). Arterial dysfunction with aging is characterized by impaired vascular endothelial function and stiffening of the large elastic arteries, each of which is an independent predictor of CVD. These processes are largely mediated by an excess production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and an increase in chronic, low-grade inflammation that ultimately leads to a reduction in bioavailability of the vasodilatory molecule nitric oxide.
Long-term aerobic exercise preserves muscle mass and function with age
by Jaime L Laurin 8/19 ScienceDirect
Research in the prevention of muscle loss and function with age has focused on resistance training as an exercise intervention. Considerably less attention has been paid to aerobic/endurance exercise and the potential benefits of lifelong aerobic exercise. We focus this review on new evidence that supports the benefits of aerobic exercise on muscle mass and function.
The importance of exercise for glycemic control in type 2 diabetes
by U.S. Afsheen Syeda 6/23 ScienceDirect
Exercise is a first-line therapy recommended for patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Although moderate to vigorous exercise (e.g. 150 min/wk) is often advised alongside diet and/or behavior modification, exercise is an independent treatment that can prevent, delay or reverse T2D.
Differential benefits of 12-week morning vs. evening aerobic exercise on sleep and cardiometabolic health: a randomized controlled trial
by Bingyi Shen 26/5/25 Scientific reports
Modern life and rising stress have contributed to increased sleep disorders and metabolic and cardiovascular diseases. While exercise is known to be an important health intervention, the optimal timing for its effectiveness remains uncertain.
Individual responses to aerobic exercise: The role of the autonomic nervous system
[https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0149763408000596 by Arto J. Hautala , Antti M. Kiviniemi, Mikko P. Tulppo 2/2009 ScienceDirect]
It is well established that regular aerobic exercise training reduces all-cause mortality and improves a number of health outcomes. However, a marked heterogeneity in the training-induced changes, e.g. in terms of aerobic fitness, has been observed in healthy human subjects, even with highly standardized training programs. Mean improvements in aerobic fitness, expressed as maximal oxygen consumption, have been about 10–15% of the baseline values, but the training-induced changes have ranged from almost none to a 40% increase.
