Coastal and Estuarine Carbon Removal Technique May Backfire When Pushed Too Fa
Ocean Alkalinity Enhancement and Estuarine Risks
Coastal and Estuarine Carbon Removal Technique May Backfire When Pushed Too Far
Article link | Hannah Bird | Phys.org | June 27, 2026
Scientists studying ocean alkalinity enhancement find that adding too much alkalinity in coastal and estuarine waters can cause carbonate minerals to form, reducing the intended carbon-removal benefit.
Some Technologies Use Accelerated Natural Processes to Capture Carbon Durably
Article link | The Conversation | Phys.org | May 22, 2026
Scientists caution that enhanced weathering and related coastal carbon-removal ideas may overestimate storage if carbon is reversed or trapped before reaching durable reservoirs.
Acidification of Water by CO₂
Article link | W. A. van Wijngaarden et al. | arXiv | May 12, 2026
A chemistry-focused paper discusses carbonate buffering and pH changes in natural waters, relevant to debates over ocean acidification and alkalinity.
Testing the Waters: Can Pumping Chemicals Into the Ocean Help Stop Global Heating?
Article link | The Guardian | March 10, 2026
A report follows an ocean alkalinity field experiment using sodium hydroxide and explores scientific optimism, community concern, and the challenge of scaling responsibly.
Results From the Ocean Alkalinity Enhancement Field Trial
Article link | Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution | February 25, 2026
Preliminary results from an ocean alkalinity enhancement field trial provide real-world data on how added alkalinity spreads, mixes, and affects seawater chemistry.
Our Ocean's 'Natural Antacids' May Act Faster Than We Thought
Article link | Phys.org | February 2, 2026
A study on calcium carbonate dissolution shows how natural buffering processes may respond to ocean acidification, informing ocean alkalinity enhancement research.
Site Selection for Ocean Alkalinity Enhancement Informed by Passive Tracer Simulations
Article link | NOAA Ocean Acidification Program | NOAA | January 13, 2026
NOAA highlights research using tracer simulations to understand where added alkalinity spreads, dilutes, and remains measurable in ocean waters.
Ocean Carbon Dioxide Removal and Storage
Article link | Chemical Reviews | January 6, 2026
A major review examines ocean alkalinity enhancement, direct ocean capture, macroalgae, storage reservoirs, verification, and environmental integrity for ocean carbon removal.
Carbon Dioxide Removal
Article link | NOAA Ocean Acidification Program | NOAA | 2026
NOAA explains marine carbon dioxide removal, including ocean-based strategies, uncertainties, risks, and the need for long-term storage.
Ocean Alkalinity
Article link | Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution | WHOI | 2026
WHOI explains how alkalinity helps seawater absorb carbon dioxide and why researchers are testing whether the process can be safely accelerated.
Electrolysis-Driven Weathering of Basic Minerals for Long-Term Ocean Buffering and CO₂ Reduction
Article link | NOAA Ocean Acidification Program | NOAA | 2026
A NOAA-funded project studies electrolysis-driven mineral weathering to evaluate ocean buffering, carbon removal, and environmental risks.
Ocean Alkalinity Enhancement in Coastal Waters Requires Local Limits
Article link | Frontiers in Marine Science | 2026
Research on coastal alkalinity enhancement shows that local mixing, carbonate saturation, and precipitation thresholds can determine whether a project helps or backfires.
Webinar: Efficacy of Wastewater Ocean Alkalinity Enhancement
Article link | NOAA Ocean Acidification Program | NOAA | November 17, 2025
NOAA hosts a research update on using wastewater treatment plants to enhance alkalinity and reduce coastal acidification.
Treating Wastewater With Alkaline Minerals Can Improve Carbon Dioxide Removal and Storage
Article link | Science Advances | Phys.org | May 13, 2025
Researchers show that alkaline minerals added during wastewater treatment could increase alkalinity before discharge, potentially helping coastal waters absorb more carbon dioxide.
Wastewater-Based Ocean Alkalinity Enhancement for Carbon Sequestration
Article link | Science Advances | May 2025
Researchers test alkaline minerals in wastewater treatment and estimate the potential for coastal wastewater systems to help store carbon as dissolved inorganic carbon.
Removing Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide Using Large Land or Ocean Areas Will Change Earth Albedo
Article link | J. B. Marston and Daniel E. Ibarra | arXiv | January 2025
A modeling paper warns that large-scale land or ocean carbon-removal interventions could alter surface reflectance and create additional climate effects.
Ocean Alkalinity Enhancement in an Estuary
Article link | M. Ho et al. | Frontiers in Climate | 2025
Researchers model alkalinity addition in an estuary and find that exported alkalinity can strongly influence carbon uptake in nearby ocean waters.
Assessing the Effectiveness of Ocean Alkalinity Enhancement
Article link | K. R. Martin et al. | FACETS | 2025
A modeling study examines whether ocean alkalinity enhancement can provide meaningful carbon removal under different climate pathways.
Plankton Study Investigates How Marine Food Webs Respond to Increasing Alkalinity
Article link | Helmholtz Association | Phys.org | December 6, 2024
Experiments on plankton food webs under ocean alkalinity enhancement test whether raising alkalinity affects marine productivity and ecological balance.
Plankton Food Web Structure and Productivity Under Ocean Alkalinity Enhancement
Article link | Nicolás Sánchez et al. | Science Advances | December 2024
A plankton experiment tests how food webs and productivity respond to elevated alkalinity, providing ecological evidence for ocean alkalinity enhancement.
Cape Cod Scientists Delay Controversial Climate Change Experiment
Article link | Tribune Content Agency | Phys.org | August 19, 2024
A proposed ocean alkalinity field trial is delayed, showing how marine carbon-removal research faces public concern, regulatory review, and logistical constraints.
Ocean Alkalinity Enhancement Field Trials Shifted to Summer 2025
Article link | Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution | August 14, 2024
WHOI explains why planned ocean alkalinity enhancement field trials were delayed, emphasizing ship availability, ocean conditions, and careful experiment design.
Cape Cod Scientists Want to Dump 60,000+ Gallons of Alkaline Solution Into the Ocean
Article link | Tribune Content Agency | Phys.org | July 17, 2024
Local reporting covers debate around a proposed alkalinity-release experiment, including concerns from fishers and environmental groups.
Negative Emissions: Scientists Debate Role of CO₂ Removal in Tackling Climate Change
Article link | Carbon Brief | June 26, 2024
Scientists debate engineered and nature-based carbon removal, including ocean alkalinity enhancement and the challenge of monitoring marine approaches.
Researchers Harvest Acid From Seawater to Feed Beneficial Algae
Article link | Pacific Northwest National Laboratory | Phys.org | June 14, 2024
Researchers explore electrochemical marine carbon-removal chemistry that could be paired with algae cultivation and aquaculture.
Limited Understanding of Basic Ocean Processes Is Hindering Progress in Marine Carbon Dioxide Removal
Article link | Environmental Research Letters | June 2024
Researchers argue that gaps in ocean science make some nature-based marine carbon-removal claims premature and potentially misleading.
New Electrochemical Technology Could De-Acidify the Oceans
Article link | The Conversation | Phys.org | March 30, 2024
Researchers explain how electrochemical ocean alkalinity enhancement could reduce acidity and increase ocean carbon uptake, while noting the scale of the challenge.
Ocean Alkalinity Enhancement: Current Knowledge and Research Needs
Article link | Frontiers in Climate | 2023
Researchers summarize scientific questions around alkalinity sources, ecological effects, monitoring, verification, and deployment limits.
Evaluating Ocean Alkalinity Enhancement for Climate Mitigation
Article link | Biogeosciences | 2023
A modeling study examines how ocean alkalinity enhancement could affect air-sea carbon exchange and marine carbonate chemistry.
Ocean Alkalinity Enhancement and Carbon Uptake
Article link | Environmental Research Letters | 2023
A study examines how ocean alkalinity enhancement could increase carbon uptake and what determines the efficiency of storage.
Ocean Alkalinity Enhancement Project Looks at Pulling Carbon Dioxide From the Atmosphere
Article link | Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution | June 7, 2023
WHOI describes the LOC-NESS project, which tests whether adding alkalinity to seawater can durably store carbon while monitoring environmental impacts.
Environmental Impacts of Ocean Alkalinity Enhancement
Article link | Frontiers in Marine Science | 2022
Scientists review possible biological and chemical effects of increasing alkalinity, including risks to plankton, shell-builders, and nutrient cycling.
Coastal Enhanced Weathering for Carbon Dioxide Removal
Article link | Journal of Cleaner Production | 2022
A life-cycle assessment examines coastal enhanced weathering and the materials, energy, and environmental tradeoffs involved.
Ocean Liming for Carbon Dioxide Removal
Article link | Journal of Cleaner Production | 2022
Researchers evaluate ocean liming as an alkalinity-based carbon-removal method, including life-cycle emissions and practical constraints.
Alkalinity Concentration Swing for Direct Air Capture of Carbon Dioxide
Article link | Anatoly Rinberg et al. | arXiv | December 4, 2021
Researchers describe a chemistry-based carbon capture approach using alkaline solutions, relevant to broader alkalinity and carbon-removal science.
Enhanced Weathering and Ocean Alkalinity
Article link | Nature Geoscience | 2020
A review explains how enhanced weathering and alkalinity changes could affect carbon storage across land, rivers, estuaries, and oceans.
Electrochemical, Wastewater, and Engineered Marine Carbon Removal
Carbon Dioxide Removal Slow to Take Off, Alarming Scientists
Article link | Marlowe Hood | Phys.org | June 11, 2026
Scientists warn that carbon dioxide removal remains far below the scale needed for climate goals, underscoring why ocean and coastal removal methods are being studied but must be tested carefully.
The Race to Bolster the Ocean's Potential to Combat Climate Change
Article link | Reuters | Reuters | June 8, 2026
Ocean carbon-removal companies and researchers explore engineered and nature-based approaches, while scientists emphasize measurement, permanence, and ecological safeguards.
New Gulf Coast Plan Uses Ocean Technology to Trap Carbon
Article link | University of Houston | Phys.org | May 28, 2026
A study evaluates U.S. coastal hubs for electrochemical marine carbon dioxide removal, identifying industrial sites where seawater-based carbon removal might be deployed.
The Ocean Is Fighting Climate Change: How People Are Trying to Help
Article link | The Conversation | Phys.org | May 9, 2026
An overview explains ocean alkalinity enhancement, direct ocean capture, seaweed farming, and other marine carbon-removal strategies, along with their risks and uncertainties.
Carbon Removal Project Supports Maine's Blue Economy, Broader Marine Health
Article link | MIT | Phys.org | April 14, 2026
A Maine project links ocean carbon removal research with shellfish aquaculture, suggesting that carbon-removal technologies could be paired with coastal economic benefits.
The Case for Scrubbing the Seas to Save the Climate
Article link | Vox | March 2026
A feature explains direct ocean capture and marine carbon removal, focusing on why the ocean is attractive for CO₂ removal and why verification remains difficult.
Comparative Assessment of United States Coastal Hubs for Large Scale Electrochemical Marine Carbon Dioxide Removal
Article link | Abdelrahman Refaie et al. | Communications Sustainability | 2026
Researchers compare U.S. coastal industrial hubs to identify promising locations for electrochemical marine carbon dioxide removal.
Ocean-Based Climate Solutions
Article link | Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution | WHOI | 2026
WHOI summarizes ocean-based climate strategies such as blue carbon, iron fertilization, ocean alkalinity, and seaweed cultivation.
Iron Fertilization
Article link | Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution | WHOI | 2026
WHOI explains ocean iron fertilization as a proposed carbon-removal technique and describes why carbon export to deep water is critical for climate benefit.
Can We Tap the Ocean's Power to Capture Carbon?
Article link | Phys.org | November 17, 2025
An expert group warns that marine carbon-removal technologies need better safeguards, monitoring, and governance before large-scale deployment.
A Drop in the Ocean: Does Experimental Technology Hold the Key to Saving the World's Seas?
Article link | The Guardian | June 10, 2025
The article examines ocean alkalinity startups, acidification, carbon credits, regulatory gaps, and worries about deploying marine geoengineering too quickly.
The Case for Adding Iron to the Ocean for Carbon Dioxide Removal
Article link | Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution | Phys.org | September 9, 2024
Scientists outline the research needed to evaluate ocean iron fertilization as a marine carbon-removal method, including verification and ecological risks.
Study Underscores Uncertain Costs of Iron Fertilization
Article link | Phys.org | March 29, 2024
Researchers examine the uncertain economics and effectiveness of ocean iron fertilization as a carbon-removal technique.
New Effort Unveiled to Speed Ocean CO₂ Removal
Article link | Axios | June 7, 2023
Axios reports on Carbon to Sea, a philanthropic initiative funding research into ocean alkalinity enhancement and responsible marine carbon-removal development.
Direct Ocean Capture of Carbon Dioxide
Article link | Joule | 2022
Researchers review direct ocean capture technologies that remove carbon dioxide from seawater so the ocean can absorb more from the air.
Electrochemical Carbon Dioxide Removal From Seawater
Article link | Joule | 2020
A paper explores electrochemical methods for removing dissolved carbon dioxide and altering seawater chemistry for climate mitigation.
Blue Carbon, Seaweed, Mangroves, Seagrass, and Coastal Wetlands
Groundwater Flow Could Help Unlock Ocean Carbon Storage Solution
Article link | Edith Cowan University | Phys.org | June 18, 2026
Researchers examine how groundwater moving from land to sea may influence seaweed growth, decay, nutrients, and long-term coastal carbon storage.
Rising Seas Could Eventually 'Drown' Mangroves and Their Carbon Stores
Article link | Phys.org | June 3, 2026
Research on mangrove blue carbon finds that sea-level rise could reduce the ability of some coastal wetlands to keep storing carbon unless landward migration remains possible.
Pairing Mangroves and Coral Reefs Could Boost Carbon Storage and Coastal Resilience
Article link | Phys.org | February 9, 2026
Researchers argue that restoring mangroves and coral reefs together can strengthen coastal ecosystems while supporting blue carbon and climate adaptation goals.
New Evidence Reveals How Greenland's Seaweed Locks Away Carbon
Article link | Phys.org | January 26, 2026
Research on Greenland seaweed explores how cold-water algae may contribute to long-term carbon storage in coastal and polar marine environments.
Seaweed Farms Boost Long-Term Carbon Storage by Altering Seafloor Sediments
Article link | Phys.org | January 9, 2026
Researchers find that seaweed farms may increase carbon storage by changing sediment conditions beneath farms, adding evidence for seaweed as a blue-carbon pathway.
The Importance of Scale in the Future of Mangrove Blue Carbon Under Sea-Level Rise
Article link | Earth's Future | 2026
Researchers show that scale matters when estimating how mangrove carbon storage will respond to sea-level rise.
Blue Carbon
Article link | NOAA Ocean Service | 2026
NOAA explains blue carbon ecosystems such as mangroves, salt marshes, and seagrasses that store carbon in coastal soils and sediments.
What Is Blue Carbon?
Article link | Conservation International | 2026
An explainer describes how coastal ecosystems store carbon and why protecting them can support climate mitigation and coastal resilience.
Blue Carbon and Coastal Wetlands
Article link | U.S. Environmental Protection Agency | 2026
EPA explains how coastal wetlands store carbon, protect shorelines, and provide ecosystem benefits beyond climate mitigation.
The Blue Carbon Initiative
Article link | Blue Carbon Initiative | 2026
The initiative provides resources on protecting and restoring mangroves, tidal marshes, and seagrasses for climate and coastal benefits.
Seaweed Farms Show Potential for Carbon Storage That Gets Better With Age
Article link | Bob Yirka | Phys.org | January 24, 2025
A study suggests seaweed farming may improve carbon storage over time as farms influence local sediment and organic-carbon burial.
Carbon to Sea 2025 Annual Report
Article link | Carbon to Sea Initiative | 2025
The annual report summarizes research progress on ocean alkalinity enhancement, field trials, environmental impacts, and responsible governance.
Mangrove Blue Carbon at Higher Risk of Microplastic Pollution
Article link | Phys.org | April 22, 2024
A study warns that microplastic pollution may threaten mangrove soils and blue-carbon storage in coastal ecosystems.
Blue Carbon: Could a Solution to the Climate Challenge Be Hidden in the Depths?
Article link | The Conversation | Phys.org | June 8, 2023
An article explains how fjords, seaweed, and other marine systems may contribute to long-term blue carbon storage.
Seaweed Carbon Sequestration: Scaling Limits and Risks
Article link | Nature Climate Change | 2023
Researchers analyze the limits of seaweed-based carbon removal, including nutrients, ecosystems, verification, and storage permanence.
Macroalgae Carbon Removal and Ocean Storage
Article link | Nature Geoscience | 2021
Scientists evaluate the potential and uncertainty of macroalgae cultivation and sinking as a carbon-removal strategy.
Seaweed Aquaculture for Carbon Removal: Promise and Uncertainty
Article link | Nature Climate Change | 2021
Scientists discuss whether seaweed cultivation can contribute to carbon removal and why durable storage remains difficult to prove.
Coastal Wetland Carbon Offsets: Opportunities and Risks
Article link | Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution | 2021
A review examines how coastal wetland carbon projects can be credited while avoiding overcounting, leakage, and weak permanence claims.
Mangrove Restoration and Carbon Storage
Article link | Nature Communications | 2021
Researchers evaluate mangrove restoration outcomes and show why restoration design matters for carbon storage and ecosystem recovery.
Restoring Coastal Wetlands Can Improve Carbon Storage
Article link | Nature Communications | 2020
Researchers assess how restoration of tidal wetlands can recover carbon storage, though outcomes depend on hydrology and site conditions.
Seagrass Meadows as Blue Carbon Sinks
Article link | Frontiers in Marine Science | 2019
Research reviews seagrass carbon storage and the factors that affect whether coastal vegetation can act as a durable carbon sink.
Global Distribution and Drivers of Blue Carbon Stocks
Article link | Scientific Reports | 2019
A global analysis examines what controls blue-carbon stocks in coastal ecosystems and why local conditions matter.
Salt Marsh Carbon Accumulation and Sea-Level Rise
Article link | Geophysical Research Letters | 2019
A study explores how salt marshes may store carbon under sea-level rise, depending on sediment supply and wetland survival.
Limits to Blue Carbon as a Climate Solution
Article link | Nature Climate Change | 2019
Researchers examine why blue carbon is valuable but cannot replace deep emissions cuts, especially where permanence and additionality are uncertain.
Tidal Marshes and Carbon Accumulation
Article link | Nature Climate Change | 2017
Research on tidal marshes shows how coastal wetlands can accumulate carbon while also facing pressure from sea-level rise.
Blue Carbon as Natural Climate Solution
Article link | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences | 2017
A natural-climate-solutions assessment includes coastal wetlands and shows how ecosystem protection can contribute to mitigation.
Coastal Carbon Burial in Fjords
Article link | Nature Geoscience | 2015
Scientists show that fjords can be major sites of organic carbon burial, adding overlooked coastal systems to blue-carbon discussions.
Carbon Burial in Mangrove Forests
Article link | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences | 2014
Research shows how mangrove soils bury organic carbon and why disturbance can reduce long-term storage.
The Role of Coastal Plant Communities for Climate Mitigation and Adaptation
Article link | Nature Climate Change | 2013
Scientists review how mangroves, marshes, and seagrasses support climate mitigation, coastal protection, and biodiversity.
Carbon Sequestration by Seagrass Ecosystems
Article link | James W. Fourqurean et al. | Nature Geoscience | 2012
Researchers estimate global seagrass carbon storage and show why seagrass loss can release long-stored carbon.
Coastal Wetland Restoration for Carbon Sequestration
Article link | Pendleton et al. | Science | 2012
Scientists quantify emissions from disturbed coastal wetlands and explain the climate value of conserving blue-carbon ecosystems.
Mangrove Forests Store Carbon Belowground
Article link | Daniel C. Donato et al. | Nature Geoscience | 2011
A landmark paper shows that mangroves are among the most carbon-rich forests, with large carbon stores in soils.
Ocean Carbon Cycle, Acidification, and Sink Dynamics
Tropical Cyclones Now Release Ocean Carbon, but Warming Could Flip the Trend
Article link | Chinese Academy of Sciences | Phys.org | May 25, 2026
Researchers show that tropical cyclones affect ocean carbon exchange, highlighting how physical ocean processes can complicate estimates of marine carbon uptake.
Reduction of Tropical Cyclone-Induced Ocean Carbon Outgassing Since 1993
Article link | Nature Geoscience | May 2026
A study finds that tropical cyclones influence ocean carbon outgassing, complicating the relationship between warming, storms, and ocean carbon storage.
Ocean Fronts Revealed as Key Players in Earth's Carbon Cycle
Article link | Phys.org | January 27, 2026
Scientists identify ocean fronts as major zones of carbon uptake and exchange, showing why marine carbon-removal projects must account for local circulation.
Integrated Ocean Carbon Research Report
Article link | UNESCO IOC | February 23, 2026
An international assessment warns that key knowledge gaps remain in understanding how the ocean carbon sink is changing.
Ocean Acidification and Climate Change
Article link | Smithsonian Ocean | 2026
A background explainer describes how carbon dioxide changes seawater chemistry, helping readers understand why alkalinity enhancement is being studied.
Southern Ocean's Winter CO₂ Outgassing Underestimated
Article link | Phys.org | November 5, 2025
New observations show that Southern Ocean carbon exchange is more complex than models suggested, a warning for carbon-removal accounting in dynamic seas.
Global Land Carbon Sink Halved in 2024, AI Model Suggests
Article link | Phys.org | November 4, 2025
Declines in land carbon uptake increase interest in carbon removal, including marine and coastal approaches, while showing the limits of relying only on natural sinks.
The Ocean Carbon Sink Is Ailing: 10% Drop in CO₂ Absorption
Article link | Phys.org | September 2, 2025
Observational research suggests the ocean carbon sink has weakened, increasing concern about whether ocean-based carbon removal can be measured against changing baselines.
Potential Impacts of Marine Carbon Dioxide Removal on Ocean Oxygen
Article link | Andreas Oschlies et al. | Environmental Research Letters | June 2025
A study warns that some marine carbon-removal methods could worsen ocean oxygen loss, especially approaches that increase biomass decomposition.
Global Carbon Budget 2025
Article link | Earth System Science Data | 2025
The annual carbon budget tracks emissions and natural sinks, providing context for why carbon-removal methods are being investigated.
Diverse Carbonates in Exoplanet Oceans Promote the Carbon Cycle
Article link | Kaustubh Hakim et al. | arXiv | January 6, 2023
A planetary-science paper explores carbonate chemistry and carbon cycling in oceans, offering broader context for carbonate buffering processes.
The Biological Carbon Pump and Ocean Carbon Removal
Article link | Nature | 2019
Research on the biological carbon pump helps explain why many ocean carbon-removal methods depend on whether organic carbon sinks and stays deep.
The Oceanic Sink for Anthropogenic CO₂ From 1994 to 2007
Article link | Nicolas Gruber et al. | Science | 2019
Scientists estimate how much human-emitted carbon dioxide the ocean absorbed over time, forming a baseline for marine carbon-removal proposals.
Ocean Deoxygenation and Carbon Removal Tradeoffs
Article link | Nature Climate Change | 2018
Research on ocean oxygen loss provides context for why biological marine carbon-removal methods must consider oxygen impacts.
Carbonate Chemistry and Ocean Buffering
Article link | Annual Review of Marine Science | 2013
A review of ocean carbonate chemistry explains buffering, pH, alkalinity, and the chemical foundation of ocean carbon-removal methods.
Ocean Acidification in a Geoengineering Context
Article link | Nature Climate Change | 2013
Scientists discuss ocean acidification and climate interventions, showing why ocean chemistry must be central to any carbon-removal plan.
Continental Margins and Ocean Carbon Burial
Article link | Nature | 2005
Research on continental-margin carbon burial helps explain why coastal and shelf seas are important to the global carbon cycle.
Ocean Carbon Cycle Feedbacks Under Climate Change
Article link | Nature | 2007
Scientists model how climate change may weaken ocean carbon uptake, adding urgency to understanding whether marine carbon removal can help.
Governance, Verification, Policy, and Public Engagement
Experts: Why Carbon Removal Needs a Major Scale Up to Return Warming to 1.5C
Article link | Carbon Brief | June 19, 2026
Experts discuss why carbon removal must scale, while warning that marine CDR raises difficult questions about law, governance, verification, and harm.
Q&A: The Current State of Carbon Dioxide Removal Around the World
Article link | Carbon Brief | June 2, 2026
Carbon Brief summarizes the latest global carbon-removal assessment, including the role and uncertainty of engineered removals needed beyond emissions cuts.
Ocean Alkalinity Enhancement and Wastewater Treatment
Article link | Carbon to Sea Initiative | February 2026
A request for proposals explores how municipal wastewater treatment could be integrated with ocean alkalinity enhancement research.
Marine Carbon Dioxide Removal Standing Committee
Article link | National Academies | January 21, 2026
The National Academies convenes experts on marine carbon dioxide removal to brief policymakers and researchers on science, governance, and monitoring needs.
How the Next Big Thing in Carbon Removal Sunk Without a Trace
Article link | Wired | January 2026
A report on Running Tide's collapse highlights risks in ocean carbon-removal markets, including weak verification, ecological uncertainty, and overpromised carbon credits.
Effect of Ocean Alkalinity Enhancement on Commercially and Culturally Important Species
Article link | Carbon to Sea Initiative | 2026
A research call focuses on how ocean alkalinity enhancement may affect species that matter to fisheries, aquaculture, and coastal communities.
Policy and Communications for Ocean Alkalinity Enhancement
Article link | Carbon to Sea Initiative | 2026
Carbon to Sea outlines policy priorities for public funding, research coordination, and regulatory frameworks for ocean alkalinity enhancement.
Ongoing Failure to Agree AR7 Timeline Is Unprecedented in IPCC History
Article link | Carbon Brief | November 7, 2025
International disputes over IPCC methodology reports include questions about how to count carbon removal from oceans, lakes, and rivers.
Public Engagement With Marine Carbon Dioxide Removal
Article link | NOAA Repository | 2025
A paper argues that fisheries and aquaculture communities should be engaged early in marine carbon-removal research and decision-making.
Ocean Alkalinity Enhancement Evidence on Potential Environmental Impacts and Social Implications
Article link | UK Government | 2025
A government evidence review examines possible environmental effects, social implications, and uncertainty around ocean alkalinity enhancement.
Two New Studies Call for Clear Frameworks for Coastal CO₂ Sequestration
Article link | Helmholtz Association | Phys.org | October 23, 2024
Researchers call for scientific, legal, economic, and governance frameworks before coastal and marine carbon-removal projects are credited or scaled.
Genomics-Based Approaches May Assist in the Verification of Marine Carbon Dioxide Removal
Article link | Sharon E. Hook et al. | Frontiers in Climate | 2024
Scientists propose genomics tools to detect ecosystem responses and support verification for responsible marine carbon-removal deployment.
Next Steps for Assessing Ocean Iron Fertilization for Marine Carbon Dioxide Removal
Article link | Ken O. Buesseler et al. | Frontiers in Climate | 2024
Researchers outline the experiments, observations, and governance needed before ocean iron fertilization can be considered for climate use.
Can Coastal and Marine Carbon Dioxide Removal Help to Close the Emissions Gap?
Article link | Martin Johnson et al. | Elementa | 2024
Two studies examine scientific, legal, economic, and governance issues around coastal and marine carbon dioxide removal.
Announcing $24.3M Investment Advancing Marine Carbon Dioxide Removal Research
Article link | NOAA Ocean Acidification Program | September 7, 2023
NOAA announces a large federal research investment into marine carbon dioxide removal, including alkalinity enhancement, macroalgae, enhanced weathering, and electrochemical approaches.
Marine Carbon Removal Needs More Than Chemistry
Article link | Frontiers in Marine Science | 2023
Researchers argue that social acceptance, coastal livelihoods, monitoring, and governance are as important as chemistry for marine carbon removal.
Monitoring, Reporting, and Verification for Marine Carbon Dioxide Removal
Article link | Frontiers in Climate | 2023
Researchers discuss how marine carbon-removal projects can be monitored and credited without overstating carbon benefits.
Responsible Research and Innovation for Ocean Carbon Removal
Article link | Frontiers in Climate | 2022
Researchers argue that ocean carbon-removal research should include transparency, public participation, justice, and environmental safeguards.
A Research Strategy for Ocean-Based Carbon Dioxide Removal and Sequestration
Article link | National Academies | 2021
A major report reviews ocean alkalinity enhancement, nutrient fertilization, seaweed cultivation, electrochemical methods, and research needs for ocean carbon removal.
Marine Carbon Dioxide Removal and Ocean Governance
Article link | Frontiers in Climate | 2021
Scholars examine governance needs for marine carbon-removal experiments, including permits, public engagement, and international rules.
The Governance of Marine Geoengineering
Article link | American Journal of International Law | 2020
Legal scholars examine governance challenges for ocean interventions that could affect shared marine environments.
Foundational Reviews and Climate Context
Scientists Map Key Oceanic Unknowns in Climate Intervention Research
Article link | Phys.org | January 17, 2026
Scientists outline major uncertainties in ocean-based climate interventions, including marine carbon dioxide removal, monitoring, and ecological side effects.
Ocean Carbon Removal Looks Promising, but Nutrient Cycling May Curb Long-Term Gains
Article link | Phys.org | March 9, 2026
Researchers find that nutrient cycling can limit how much carbon marine biological removal methods store over time, making long-term accounting more difficult.
The State of Carbon Dioxide Removal 2026
Article link | State of Carbon Dioxide Removal | 2026
The report assesses how much carbon removal is happening globally and what scale may be needed, including emerging engineered methods.
What Is Net Zero? What Is Blue Carbon? Experts Explain Key Climate Terms
Article link | The Conversation | Phys.org | November 18, 2024
Experts explain blue carbon, net zero, and related climate concepts that are central to coastal carbon storage and carbon-removal debates.
Ocean-Based Negative Emissions Technologies
Article link | Frontiers in Climate | 2020
A review compares ocean-based negative-emissions approaches, including alkalinity enhancement, fertilization, seaweed, and direct ocean capture.
Long-Term Consequences of Carbon Dioxide Emissions
Article link | Thomas L. Frölicher and David J. Paynter | Nature Climate Change | 2014
Research on long-term carbon-cycle consequences helps explain why durable carbon removal is needed and why ocean storage timescales matter.
Natural Iron Fertilization and Southern Ocean Carbon
Article link | Nature | 2010
Research on natural iron fertilization helps evaluate whether artificial fertilization could produce durable carbon storage.
